@inproceedings{paggio-etal-2026-multimodal,
title = "Multimodal Entrainment and Feedback in Online Group Meetings",
author = "Paggio, Patrizia and
Agirrezabal, Manex and
Di Cristina, Giulia and
Jongejan, Bart and
Navarretta, Costanza",
editor = "Piperidis, Stelios and
Bel, N{\'u}ria and
van den Heuvel, Henk and
Ide, Nancy and
Krek, Simon and
Toral, Antonio",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference",
month = may,
year = "2026",
address = "Palma de Mallorca, Spain",
publisher = "ELRA Language Resource Association",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.718/",
doi = "10.63317/3e7gn6grbki4",
pages = "9139--9149",
abstract = "This paper presents the results of a study on multimodal speaker behaviour in a corpus of online Zoom meetings. We investigate two questions: i) whether speakers display a higher degree of head movement when they exchange verbal feedback than when they don{'}t, as would be expected if verbal and gestural feedback reinforce one other, and ii) whether they move more or less similarly under the same conditions. Several linear mixed models were fitted to test the difference in head movement values in target and control intervals of two different durations. The results indicate that speakers indeed entrain by moving their heads more in target intervals where verbal feedback is present. This result confirms our expectations. However, speakers also appear to move in less similar ways in the same target intervals. This dissimilarity can be explained by the fact that not all speakers give the same type of gestural feedback, but also by noise created by non-communicative movements in which speakers adjust their positions or reach out for objects during the meeting."
}<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<modsCollection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods ID="paggio-etal-2026-multimodal">
<titleInfo>
<title>Multimodal Entrainment and Feedback in Online Group Meetings</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Patrizia</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Paggio</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Manex</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Agirrezabal</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Giulia</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Di Cristina</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Bart</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Jongejan</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Costanza</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Navarretta</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<originInfo>
<dateIssued>2026-05</dateIssued>
</originInfo>
<typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
<relatedItem type="host">
<titleInfo>
<title>Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference</title>
</titleInfo>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Stelios</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Piperidis</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Núria</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Bel</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Henk</namePart>
<namePart type="family">van den Heuvel</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Nancy</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Ide</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Simon</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Krek</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<name type="personal">
<namePart type="given">Antonio</namePart>
<namePart type="family">Toral</namePart>
<role>
<roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
</role>
</name>
<originInfo>
<publisher>ELRA Language Resource Association</publisher>
<place>
<placeTerm type="text">Palma de Mallorca, Spain</placeTerm>
</place>
</originInfo>
<genre authority="marcgt">conference publication</genre>
</relatedItem>
<abstract>This paper presents the results of a study on multimodal speaker behaviour in a corpus of online Zoom meetings. We investigate two questions: i) whether speakers display a higher degree of head movement when they exchange verbal feedback than when they don’t, as would be expected if verbal and gestural feedback reinforce one other, and ii) whether they move more or less similarly under the same conditions. Several linear mixed models were fitted to test the difference in head movement values in target and control intervals of two different durations. The results indicate that speakers indeed entrain by moving their heads more in target intervals where verbal feedback is present. This result confirms our expectations. However, speakers also appear to move in less similar ways in the same target intervals. This dissimilarity can be explained by the fact that not all speakers give the same type of gestural feedback, but also by noise created by non-communicative movements in which speakers adjust their positions or reach out for objects during the meeting.</abstract>
<identifier type="citekey">paggio-etal-2026-multimodal</identifier>
<identifier type="doi">10.63317/3e7gn6grbki4</identifier>
<location>
<url>https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.718/</url>
</location>
<part>
<date>2026-05</date>
<extent unit="page">
<start>9139</start>
<end>9149</end>
</extent>
</part>
</mods>
</modsCollection>
%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Multimodal Entrainment and Feedback in Online Group Meetings
%A Paggio, Patrizia
%A Agirrezabal, Manex
%A Di Cristina, Giulia
%A Jongejan, Bart
%A Navarretta, Costanza
%Y Piperidis, Stelios
%Y Bel, Núria
%Y van den Heuvel, Henk
%Y Ide, Nancy
%Y Krek, Simon
%Y Toral, Antonio
%S Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference
%D 2026
%8 May
%I ELRA Language Resource Association
%C Palma de Mallorca, Spain
%F paggio-etal-2026-multimodal
%X This paper presents the results of a study on multimodal speaker behaviour in a corpus of online Zoom meetings. We investigate two questions: i) whether speakers display a higher degree of head movement when they exchange verbal feedback than when they don’t, as would be expected if verbal and gestural feedback reinforce one other, and ii) whether they move more or less similarly under the same conditions. Several linear mixed models were fitted to test the difference in head movement values in target and control intervals of two different durations. The results indicate that speakers indeed entrain by moving their heads more in target intervals where verbal feedback is present. This result confirms our expectations. However, speakers also appear to move in less similar ways in the same target intervals. This dissimilarity can be explained by the fact that not all speakers give the same type of gestural feedback, but also by noise created by non-communicative movements in which speakers adjust their positions or reach out for objects during the meeting.
%R 10.63317/3e7gn6grbki4
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.718/
%U https://doi.org/10.63317/3e7gn6grbki4
%P 9139-9149
Markdown (Informal)
[Multimodal Entrainment and Feedback in Online Group Meetings](https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.718/) (Paggio et al., LREC 2026)
ACL
- Patrizia Paggio, Manex Agirrezabal, Giulia Di Cristina, Bart Jongejan, and Costanza Navarretta. 2026. Multimodal Entrainment and Feedback in Online Group Meetings. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pages 9139–9149, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. ELRA Language Resource Association.