<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<modsCollection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods ID="navarretta-2026-multimodal">
    <titleInfo>
        <title>Multimodal Reference by Means of the Pronoun We and Hand Gestures in a Novel Corpus of Parliamentary Opening Debates</title>
    </titleInfo>
    <name type="personal">
        <namePart type="given">Costanza</namePart>
        <namePart type="family">Navarretta</namePart>
        <role>
            <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
        </role>
    </name>
    <originInfo>
        <dateIssued>2026-05</dateIssued>
    </originInfo>
    <typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
    <relatedItem type="host">
        <titleInfo>
            <title>Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference</title>
        </titleInfo>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Stelios</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Piperidis</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Núria</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Bel</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Henk</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">van den Heuvel</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Nancy</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Ide</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Simon</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Krek</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Antonio</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Toral</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <originInfo>
            <publisher>ELRA Language Resource Association</publisher>
            <place>
                <placeTerm type="text">Palma de Mallorca, Spain</placeTerm>
            </place>
        </originInfo>
        <genre authority="marcgt">conference publication</genre>
    </relatedItem>
    <abstract>Political discourse has persuasion as its main goal and the identification of the referents of pronouns in it is of great importance. This paper presents a novel multimodal corpus of Danish parliamentary opening debates. It also describes a study of multimodal reference by means of the first-person plural pronoun “vi” (we) and the co-occurring hand gestures in a subset of the corpus. The data in the study consists of 219 speeches of two prime ministers from the opening debates in 2013, 2014, and 2021-2024. In the speeches, the prime ministers answer questions of parliament members from the opposition. The uses of the first-person plural pronoun in political speeches are particularly interesting since the pronouns can refer to different groups, such as the government, the parliament, the country, or a specific party and can be used by politicians to achieve consensus or distinguish their politics from that of others. The main hypothesis we want to investigate in the study is whether the pointing gestures vary in their trajectory depending on the intended referents. The results of our study confirm this hypothesis for the most frequent referent types and show how pointing hand gestures are used by the two prime ministers to help their audience individuating the correct referents of “vi”, and emphasise them. Our data also indicates that co-speech hand gestures are in some cases used to show the attitude of the speakers toward what they are saying.</abstract>
    <identifier type="citekey">navarretta-2026-multimodal</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.63317/27nvrmnnxgqh</identifier>
    <location>
        <url>https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.720/</url>
    </location>
    <part>
        <date>2026-05</date>
        <extent unit="page">
            <start>9162</start>
            <end>9171</end>
        </extent>
    </part>
</mods>
</modsCollection>

%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Multimodal Reference by Means of the Pronoun We and Hand Gestures in a Novel Corpus of Parliamentary Opening Debates
%A Navarretta, Costanza
%Y Piperidis, Stelios
%Y Bel, Núria
%Y van den Heuvel, Henk
%Y Ide, Nancy
%Y Krek, Simon
%Y Toral, Antonio
%S Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference
%D 2026
%8 May
%I ELRA Language Resource Association
%C Palma de Mallorca, Spain
%F navarretta-2026-multimodal
%X Political discourse has persuasion as its main goal and the identification of the referents of pronouns in it is of great importance. This paper presents a novel multimodal corpus of Danish parliamentary opening debates. It also describes a study of multimodal reference by means of the first-person plural pronoun “vi” (we) and the co-occurring hand gestures in a subset of the corpus. The data in the study consists of 219 speeches of two prime ministers from the opening debates in 2013, 2014, and 2021-2024. In the speeches, the prime ministers answer questions of parliament members from the opposition. The uses of the first-person plural pronoun in political speeches are particularly interesting since the pronouns can refer to different groups, such as the government, the parliament, the country, or a specific party and can be used by politicians to achieve consensus or distinguish their politics from that of others. The main hypothesis we want to investigate in the study is whether the pointing gestures vary in their trajectory depending on the intended referents. The results of our study confirm this hypothesis for the most frequent referent types and show how pointing hand gestures are used by the two prime ministers to help their audience individuating the correct referents of “vi”, and emphasise them. Our data also indicates that co-speech hand gestures are in some cases used to show the attitude of the speakers toward what they are saying.
%R 10.63317/27nvrmnnxgqh
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.720/
%U https://doi.org/10.63317/27nvrmnnxgqh
%P 9162-9171

Markdown (Informal)

[Multimodal Reference by Means of the Pronoun We and Hand Gestures in a Novel Corpus of Parliamentary Opening Debates](https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.720/) (Navarretta, LREC 2026)

• Multimodal Reference by Means of the Pronoun We and Hand Gestures in a Novel Corpus of Parliamentary Opening Debates (Navarretta, LREC 2026)

ACL

• Costanza Navarretta. 2026. Multimodal Reference by Means of the Pronoun We and Hand Gestures in a Novel Corpus of Parliamentary Opening Debates. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pages 9162–9171, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. ELRA Language Resource Association.