MUStReason: A Benchmark for Diagnosing Pragmatic Reasoning in VideoLMs for Multimodal Sarcasm Detection.

Anisha Saha, Varsha Suresh, Timothy Hospedales, Vera Demberg


Abstract
Sarcasm is a specific type of irony which involves discerning what is said from what is meant. Detecting sarcasm depends not only on the literal content of an utterance but also on non-verbal cues such as speaker’s tonality, facial expressions and conversational context. However, current multimodal models struggle with complex tasks like sarcasm detection, which require identifying relevant cues across modalities and pragmatically reasoning over them to infer the speaker’s intention. To explore these limitations in VideoLMs, we introduce MUStReason, a diagnostic benchmark enriched with annotations of modality-specific relevant cues and underlying reasoning steps to identify sarcastic intent. In addition to benchmarking sarcasm classification performance in VideoLMs, using MUStReason we quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the generated reasoning by disentangling the problem into perception and reasoning and aim to pinpoint the current gaps in these VideoLMs. Furthermore, to facilitate structured pragmatic reasoning, we propose PragCoT, a framework that steers VideoLMs to focus on implied intentions over literal meaning, a property core to detecting sarcasm. Code and dataset are available at https://github.com/anisha0325/MUStReason
Anthology ID:
2026.lrec-1.769
Volume:
Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference
Month:
May
Year:
2026
Address:
Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Editors:
Stelios Piperidis, Núria Bel, Henk van den Heuvel, Nancy Ide, Simon Krek, Antonio Toral
Venue:
LREC
SIG:
Publisher:
ELRA Language Resource Association
Note:
Pages:
9813–9829
Language:
External URL:
https://lrec.elra.info/lrec2026-main-769
DOI:
10.63317/5cucfvxymbbv
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Anisha Saha, Varsha Suresh, Timothy Hospedales, and Vera Demberg. 2026. MUStReason: A Benchmark for Diagnosing Pragmatic Reasoning in VideoLMs for Multimodal Sarcasm Detection.. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pages 9813–9829, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. ELRA Language Resource Association.
Cite (Informal):
MUStReason: A Benchmark for Diagnosing Pragmatic Reasoning in VideoLMs for Multimodal Sarcasm Detection. (Saha et al., LREC 2026)
Copy Citation: