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    <abstract>Whispering differs from voiced speech in the lack of fundamental frequency (F0) and is characterized by substantially reduced amplitude. This production study investigates how head movements are modulated in whispering when speakers are visible or not, while producing polar questions with rising intonation versus statements with flat intonation. An experiment with 15 German speakers shows that head movements are more pronounced in questions than in statements, with the strongest effects observed in normally spoken questions under mutual visibility. Overall, the findings suggest head movements serve as a flexible multimodal prosodic resource, aligning with acoustic cues in normal speech under favorable communicative conditions while functioning more independently as compensatory mechanism in whispered speech.</abstract>
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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Heads That Ask: Prosody of Questionhood in Whispering and Mutual (In)visibility of Speakers
%A Sardhaei, Nasim Mahdinazhad
%A Zygis, Marzena
%A Sharifzadeh, Hamid
%Y Ghaleb, Esam
%Y Takmaz, Ece
%Y Frassinelli, Diego
%Y Khaertdinov, Bulat
%Y Fernández, Raquel
%Y Yumak, Zerrin
%Y Ozyurek, Asli
%S Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Multimodal Interaction in Face-to-Face Dialogue
%D 2026
%8 October
%I Association for Computational Linguistics
%C Budapest, Hungary
%@ 979-8-89176-482-8
%F sardhaei-etal-2026-heads
%X Whispering differs from voiced speech in the lack of fundamental frequency (F0) and is characterized by substantially reduced amplitude. This production study investigates how head movements are modulated in whispering when speakers are visible or not, while producing polar questions with rising intonation versus statements with flat intonation. An experiment with 15 German speakers shows that head movements are more pronounced in questions than in statements, with the strongest effects observed in normally spoken questions under mutual visibility. Overall, the findings suggest head movements serve as a flexible multimodal prosodic resource, aligning with acoustic cues in normal speech under favorable communicative conditions while functioning more independently as compensatory mechanism in whispered speech.
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.mint-1.5/
%P 40-49

Markdown (Informal)

[Heads That Ask: Prosody of Questionhood in Whispering and Mutual (In)visibility of Speakers](https://aclanthology.org/2026.mint-1.5/) (Sardhaei et al., MINT 2026)

• Heads That Ask: Prosody of Questionhood in Whispering and Mutual (In)visibility of Speakers (Sardhaei et al., MINT 2026)

ACL

• Nasim Mahdinazhad Sardhaei, Marzena Zygis, and Hamid Sharifzadeh. 2026. Heads That Ask: Prosody of Questionhood in Whispering and Mutual (In)visibility of Speakers. In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Multimodal Interaction in Face-to-Face Dialogue, pages 40–49, Budapest, Hungary. Association for Computational Linguistics.