CLARE: A Criminal-Law DSL for Neuro-Symbolic Long-Form Legal Reasoning

Jaehoon Jeong, Jay-Yoon Lee


Abstract
Long-form criminal-law generation requires factual interpretation, issue selection, and structured formulation of legal conclusions across offense elements and general doctrines. But existing neuro-symbolic approaches encode only task-specific decision rules, not a reusable representation of criminal-law structure. We introduce CLARE, a domain-specific language for reusable criminal-law structure, which we instantiate with Korean criminal law. CLARE compiles definitions of each unit offense into an executable legal program that constrains case-time legal reasoning. The resulting program then composes case-level judgments before long-form generation. We evaluate CLARE on long-form generation and component-level Korean legal benchmarks, showing that symbolic composition improves reliability over domain-specific baselines. Our results suggest that explicitly representing criminal-law structure provides a practical foundation for reliable neuro-symbolic long-form legal generation.
Anthology ID:
2026.nllp-1.27
Volume:
Proceedings of the Natural Legal Language Processing Workshop 2026
Month:
October
Year:
2026
Address:
Budapest, Hungary
Editors:
Nikolaos Aletras, Ilias Chalkidis, Leslie Barrett, Cătălina Goanță, Daniel Preoțiuc-Pietro, Gerasimos Spanakis, Shanshan Xu
Venues:
NLLP | WS
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
321
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.nllp-1.27/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Jaehoon Jeong and Jay-Yoon Lee. 2026. CLARE: A Criminal-Law DSL for Neuro-Symbolic Long-Form Legal Reasoning. In Proceedings of the Natural Legal Language Processing Workshop 2026, pages 321–321, Budapest, Hungary. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
CLARE: A Criminal-Law DSL for Neuro-Symbolic Long-Form Legal Reasoning (Jeong & Lee, NLLP 2026)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.nllp-1.27.pdf