How Persona and Message Type in Conversation Initiation Influence Learners’ Experience with Educational Chatbots

Jingchao Fang, Qingxiaoyang Zhu, Hao-Chuan Wang


Abstract
Video-based learning is widely adopted among online learners, but it often lacks interactivity and fails to engage learners. Advances in large language models (LLM) show promise in enabling role-playing characters as learning companion chatbots for interactive learning. While much research has focused on LLM-powered chatbots for question-answering or responding, fewer studies have explored their role as proactive conversation initiators and prompt learners to think and reflect. How do different styles of chatbots’ conversation initiation influence learners’ video-based learning experience? Through controlled empirical studies with learners (N=65), we find that learning companion chatbot’s personas and message styles influence learners’ perceptions, reactions, and overall learning experiences. Our findings provide key insights for designing engaging, effective education chatbots.
Anthology ID:
2026.nlp4pi-1.21
Volume:
Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on NLP for Positive Impact (NLP4PI)
Month:
October
Year:
2026
Address:
Budapest, Hungary
Editors:
Katherine Atwell, Angana Borah, Daryna Dementieva, Elisa Kreiss, Neema Kotonya, Jiarui Liu, Liz Olson, Ruyuan Wan, Jieyu Zhao
Venues:
NLP4PI | WS
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Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
232–248
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.nlp4pi-1.21/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Jingchao Fang, Qingxiaoyang Zhu, and Hao-Chuan Wang. 2026. How Persona and Message Type in Conversation Initiation Influence Learners’ Experience with Educational Chatbots. In Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on NLP for Positive Impact (NLP4PI), pages 232–248, Budapest, Hungary. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
How Persona and Message Type in Conversation Initiation Influence Learners’ Experience with Educational Chatbots (Fang et al., NLP4PI 2026)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.nlp4pi-1.21.pdf