From Decision Tree to Detection Pipeline: Formalizing van Dijk’s Socio-Cognitive Framework for Automated Anti-Language Identification in RICO Transcripts

Elena Morandini


Abstract
This paper proposes a context-first NLP detection pipeline for automated anti-language identification in RICO wiretap transcripts. Current threat-detection classifiers fail on organized crime discourse because criminal intent is encoded through implicature and relexicalization rather than explicit lexical markers. The pipeline addresses this architectural mismatch by formalizing van Dijk’s (2011) socio-cognitive CDA framework as a sequential seven-step decision tree mapped to concrete NLP subtasks: from speaker-role classification and genre detection to deontic feature extraction and ensemble scoring. A six-feature micro-level vector (F1–F6), validated against a 14,072-word corpus of authenticated Mafia communications, operationalizes the ideological square as a two-axis feature space that measures discursive distance between the ingroup and the outgroup. Preliminary evaluation confirms statistically significant patterns (χ² = 90.82, p < 0.001 for pragmatic divergence; 4:1 deontic saturation ratio) consistent with anti-language characteristics. The pipeline enables three LEA applications: automated flagging, context-sensitive decoding, and communication network analysis. Ethical considerations regarding false positives, privacy, and evidentiary standards are discussed.
Anthology ID:
2026.nlpaics-1.22
Volume:
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence for Cyber Security
Month:
June
Year:
2026
Address:
Alicante, Spain
Editors:
Ruslan Mitkov, Rafael Muñoz, Elena Lloret, Tharindu Ranasinghe, Ernesto L. Estevanell-Valladares, Salima Lamsiyah, Andrés Montoyo, Saad Ezzini
Venue:
NLPAICS
SIG:
Publisher:
Department of Languages and Information Systems, University of Alicante
Note:
Pages:
204–214
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.nlpaics-1.22/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Elena Morandini. 2026. From Decision Tree to Detection Pipeline: Formalizing van Dijk’s Socio-Cognitive Framework for Automated Anti-Language Identification in RICO Transcripts. In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence for Cyber Security, pages 204–214, Alicante, Spain. Department of Languages and Information Systems, University of Alicante.
Cite (Informal):
From Decision Tree to Detection Pipeline: Formalizing van Dijk’s Socio-Cognitive Framework for Automated Anti-Language Identification in RICO Transcripts (Morandini, NLPAICS 2026)
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https://aclanthology.org/2026.nlpaics-1.22.pdf