Que ao mestre vai matá-lo? The evolution of prepositional accusatives in Portuguese across time

Helena Rodrigues Menezes de Oliveira Vaz


Abstract
This work investigates Differential Object Marking (DOM) in Brazilian Portuguese (BP), specifically a-marked objects, or prepositional accusatives (PP-ACCs), across four variables: semantic requirements, constituent order, verb semantics, and textual genre.An optimized parsing model was trained to recognize instances of PP-ACCs and automatically annotate historical documents for these objects for the Tycho Brahe and Colonia corpora. Contrary to expectations based on the low frequency of these objects and prior diachronic studies on European Portuguese (EP), our results reveal that PP-ACCs remain present in BP from the 18th century onward. Our findings confirm previous patterns for EP and present textual genre (specifically, narrative texts and theater plays) as a possible relevant variable, but warrants further investigation. Constituent order was proved to be less significant than previously suggested. This work also reveals methodological challenges in using computational models and NLP tools for research in historical Portuguese.
Anthology ID:
2026.propor-1.9
Volume:
Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computational Processing of Portuguese (PROPOR 2026) - Vol. 1
Month:
April
Year:
2026
Address:
Salvador, Brazil
Editors:
Marlo Souza, Iria de-Dios-Flores, Diana Santos, Larissa Freitas, Jackson Wilke da Cruz Souza, Eugénio Ribeiro
Venue:
PROPOR
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
93–102
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.propor-1.9/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Helena Rodrigues Menezes de Oliveira Vaz. 2026. Que ao mestre vai matá-lo? The evolution of prepositional accusatives in Portuguese across time. In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computational Processing of Portuguese (PROPOR 2026) - Vol. 1, pages 93–102, Salvador, Brazil. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Que ao mestre vai matá-lo? The evolution of prepositional accusatives in Portuguese across time (Vaz, PROPOR 2026)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.propor-1.9.pdf