The signal is coming from inside the noun phrase! Tracking semantic proto-role inferences during sentence processing

Lucas Y. Li; Zander Lynch; Marten van Schijndel

The signal is coming from inside the noun phrase! Tracking semantic proto-role inferences during sentence processing

Lucas Y. Li, Zander Lynch, Marten Van Schijndel

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Abstract

Semantic roles between a predicate and argument can be decomposed into proto-role properties (e.g.,Instigation). We introduce a novel LLM feature attribution method, Generalized Contextual Decomposition for Transformers (GCD-T), which we use to probe which parts of a sentence enable models to infer proto-role properties. We compare our findings with human inferences.

Anthology ID:: 2026.scil-main.40
Volume:: Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics 2026
Month:: July
Year:: 2026
Address:: San Diego, CA
Editors:: Rob Voigt, Alex Warstadt, Naomi Feldman, Tal Linzen
Venues:: SCiL | WS
SIG:
Publisher:: Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:: 427–441
Language:
URL:: https://aclanthology.org/2026.scil-main.40/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):: Lucas Y. Li, Zander Lynch, and Marten Van Schijndel. 2026. The signal is coming from inside the noun phrase! Tracking semantic proto-role inferences during sentence processing. In Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics 2026, pages 427–441, San Diego, CA. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):: The signal is coming from inside the noun phrase! Tracking semantic proto-role inferences during sentence processing (Li et al., SCiL 2026)
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PDF:: https://aclanthology.org/2026.scil-main.40.pdf

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@inproceedings{li-etal-2026-signal,
    title = "The signal is coming from inside the noun phrase! Tracking semantic proto-role inferences during sentence processing",
    author = "Li, Lucas Y.  and
      Lynch, Zander  and
      Schijndel, Marten Van",
    editor = "Voigt, Rob  and
      Warstadt, Alex  and
      Feldman, Naomi  and
      Linzen, Tal",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics 2026",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, CA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2026.scil-main.40/",
    pages = "427--441",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-412-5",
    abstract = "Semantic roles between a predicate and argument can be decomposed into proto-role properties (e.g.,Instigation). We introduce a novel LLM feature attribution method, Generalized Contextual Decomposition for Transformers (GCD-T), which we use to probe which parts of a sentence enable models to infer proto-role properties. We compare our findings with human inferences."
}

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    <abstract>Semantic roles between a predicate and argument can be decomposed into proto-role properties (e.g.,Instigation). We introduce a novel LLM feature attribution method, Generalized Contextual Decomposition for Transformers (GCD-T), which we use to probe which parts of a sentence enable models to infer proto-role properties. We compare our findings with human inferences.</abstract>
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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T The signal is coming from inside the noun phrase! Tracking semantic proto-role inferences during sentence processing
%A Li, Lucas Y.
%A Lynch, Zander
%A Schijndel, Marten Van
%Y Voigt, Rob
%Y Warstadt, Alex
%Y Feldman, Naomi
%Y Linzen, Tal
%S Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics 2026
%D 2026
%8 July
%I Association for Computational Linguistics
%C San Diego, CA
%@ 979-8-89176-412-5
%F li-etal-2026-signal
%X Semantic roles between a predicate and argument can be decomposed into proto-role properties (e.g.,Instigation). We introduce a novel LLM feature attribution method, Generalized Contextual Decomposition for Transformers (GCD-T), which we use to probe which parts of a sentence enable models to infer proto-role properties. We compare our findings with human inferences.
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.scil-main.40/
%P 427-441

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Markdown (Informal)

[The signal is coming from inside the noun phrase! Tracking semantic proto-role inferences during sentence processing](https://aclanthology.org/2026.scil-main.40/) (Li et al., SCiL 2026)

The signal is coming from inside the noun phrase! Tracking semantic proto-role inferences during sentence processing (Li et al., SCiL 2026)

ACL

Lucas Y. Li, Zander Lynch, and Marten Van Schijndel. 2026. The signal is coming from inside the noun phrase! Tracking semantic proto-role inferences during sentence processing. In Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics 2026, pages 427–441, San Diego, CA. Association for Computational Linguistics.