@inproceedings{smith-seals-2026-seals,
title = "Seals-{NLP} at {S}em{E}val-2026 Task 9: A Comparative Study of Transformer Architectures for Polarization Detection",
author = "Smith, Minh and
Seals, Cheryl",
editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina and
Ghosh, Debanjan and
North, Kai and
Komachi, Mamoru",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 20th {I}nternational {W}orkshop on {S}emantic {E}valuation (2026)",
month = jul,
year = "2026",
address = "San Diego, California, USA",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2026.semeval-1.301/",
pages = "2394--2401",
ISBN = "979-8-89176-414-9",
abstract = "We describe the Seals-NLP system for SemEval-2026 Task 9 (POLAR) Subtask 1, binary polarization detection. Our study compares (i) fully fine-tuned encoder-only transformers, (ii) QLoRA-based fine-tuned open-weight LLMs, and (iii) zero-shot prompted LLMs. ModernBERT-large emerges as the most cost-effective option, matching or surpassing larger fine-tuned and zero-shot LLMs in macro-F1 while requiring substantially less memory and lower latency. An error analysis by failure mode and polarization subtype reveals systematic over-triggering on political cue words and under-detection of sarcastic vilification and multifaceted attacks in the POLAR dataset across all models."
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<abstract>We describe the Seals-NLP system for SemEval-2026 Task 9 (POLAR) Subtask 1, binary polarization detection. Our study compares (i) fully fine-tuned encoder-only transformers, (ii) QLoRA-based fine-tuned open-weight LLMs, and (iii) zero-shot prompted LLMs. ModernBERT-large emerges as the most cost-effective option, matching or surpassing larger fine-tuned and zero-shot LLMs in macro-F1 while requiring substantially less memory and lower latency. An error analysis by failure mode and polarization subtype reveals systematic over-triggering on political cue words and under-detection of sarcastic vilification and multifaceted attacks in the POLAR dataset across all models.</abstract>
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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Seals-NLP at SemEval-2026 Task 9: A Comparative Study of Transformer Architectures for Polarization Detection
%A Smith, Minh
%A Seals, Cheryl
%Y Kochmar, Ekaterina
%Y Ghosh, Debanjan
%Y North, Kai
%Y Komachi, Mamoru
%S Proceedings of the 20th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (2026)
%D 2026
%8 July
%I Association for Computational Linguistics
%C San Diego, California, USA
%@ 979-8-89176-414-9
%F smith-seals-2026-seals
%X We describe the Seals-NLP system for SemEval-2026 Task 9 (POLAR) Subtask 1, binary polarization detection. Our study compares (i) fully fine-tuned encoder-only transformers, (ii) QLoRA-based fine-tuned open-weight LLMs, and (iii) zero-shot prompted LLMs. ModernBERT-large emerges as the most cost-effective option, matching or surpassing larger fine-tuned and zero-shot LLMs in macro-F1 while requiring substantially less memory and lower latency. An error analysis by failure mode and polarization subtype reveals systematic over-triggering on political cue words and under-detection of sarcastic vilification and multifaceted attacks in the POLAR dataset across all models.
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.semeval-1.301/
%P 2394-2401
Markdown (Informal)
[Seals-NLP at SemEval-2026 Task 9: A Comparative Study of Transformer Architectures for Polarization Detection](https://aclanthology.org/2026.semeval-1.301/) (Smith & Seals, SemEval 2026)
ACL