"OK Aura, Be Fair with Me": Demographics-Agnostic Training for Bias Mitigation in Wake-up Word Detection

Fernando López, Paula Delgado-Santos, Pablo Gómez, David Solans, Jordi Luque


Abstract
Voice-based interfaces are widely used; however, achieving fair Wake-up Word detection across diverse speaker populations remains a critical challenge due to persistent demographic biases. This study evaluates the effectiveness of demographics-agnostic training techniques in mitigating performance disparities among speakers of varying sex, age, and accent. We utilize the OK Aura database for our experiments, employing a training methodology that excludes demographic labels, which are reserved for evaluation purposes. We explore (i) data augmentation techniques to enhance model generalization and (ii) Knowledge Distillation of pre-trained foundational speech models. The experimental results indicate that these demographics-agnostic training techniques markedly reduce demographic bias, leading to a more equitable performance profile across different speaker groups. Specifically, one of the evaluated techniques achieves a Predictive Disparity reduction of 39.94% for sex, 83.65% for age, and 40.48% for accent when compared to the baseline. This study highlights the effectiveness of label-agnostic methodologies in fostering fairness in Wake-up Word detection.
Anthology ID:
2026.speakable-1.6
Volume:
Proceedings of Speech Language Models in Low-Resource Settings: Performance, Evaluation, and Bias Analysis (SPEAKABLE) @ LREC 2026
Month:
May
Year:
2026
Address:
Palma, Mallorca (Spain)
Editors:
Nina Hosseini-Kivanani, Alessio Brutti, Marco Matassoni, Sandipana Dowerah, Davide Liga, Christoph Schommer
Venues:
SPEAKABLE | WS
SIG:
Publisher:
ELRA Language Resources Association (ELRA)
Note:
Pages:
47–58
Language:
External URL:
https://lrec.elra.info/lrec2026-ws-speakable-06
DOI:
10.63317/3sgj2rai4uv8
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Fernando López, Paula Delgado-Santos, Pablo Gómez, David Solans, and Jordi Luque. 2026. "OK Aura, Be Fair with Me": Demographics-Agnostic Training for Bias Mitigation in Wake-up Word Detection. In Proceedings of Speech Language Models in Low-Resource Settings: Performance, Evaluation, and Bias Analysis (SPEAKABLE) @ LREC 2026, pages 47–58, Palma, Mallorca (Spain). ELRA Language Resources Association (ELRA).
Cite (Informal):
“OK Aura, Be Fair with Me”: Demographics-Agnostic Training for Bias Mitigation in Wake-up Word Detection (López et al., SPEAKABLE 2026)
Copy Citation: