@inproceedings{attia-etal-2010-automatically,
    title = "An Automatically Built Named Entity Lexicon for {A}rabic",
    author = "Attia, Mohammed  and
      Toral, Antonio  and
      Tounsi, Lamia  and
      Monachini, Monica  and
      van Genabith, Josef",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC}'10)",
    month = may,
    year = "2010",
    address = "Valletta, Malta",
    publisher = "European Language Resources Association (ELRA)",
    url = "http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2010/pdf/797_Paper.pdf",
    abstract = "We have adapted and extended the automatic Multilingual, Interoperable Named Entity Lexicon approach to Arabic, using Arabic WordNet (AWN) and Arabic Wikipedia (AWK). First, we extract AWN’s instantiable nouns and identify the corresponding categories and hyponym subcategories in AWK. Then, we exploit Wikipedia inter-lingual links to locate correspondences between articles in ten different languages in order to identify Named Entities (NEs). We apply keyword search on AWK abstracts to provide for Arabic articles that do not have a correspondence in any of the other languages. In addition, we perform a post-processing step to fetch further NEs from AWK not reachable through AWN. Finally, we investigate diacritization using matching with geonames databases, MADA-TOKAN tools and different heuristics for restoring vowel marks of Arabic NEs. Using this methodology, we have extracted approximately 45,000 Arabic NEs and built, to the best of our knowledge, the largest, most mature and well-structured Arabic NE lexical resource to date. We have stored and organised this lexicon following the LMF ISO standard. We conduct a quantitative and qualitative evaluation against a manually annotated gold standard and achieve precision scores from 95.83{\%} (with 66.13{\%} recall) to 99.31{\%} (with 61.45{\%} recall) according to different values of a threshold.",
}