Irina Temnikova Constantin Orasan Gloria Corpas Pastor Stephan Vogel September 2017

Varna, Bulgaria

Association for Computational Linguistics, Shoumen, Bulgaria 10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_ https://doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_ book HiT-IT:2017 RandyScansani SilviaBernardini AdrianoFerraresi FedericoGaspari MarcelloSoffritti Proceedings of the Workshop Human-Informed Translation and Interpreting Technology September 2017

Varna, Bulgaria

Association for Computational Linguistics, Shoumen, Bulgaria 1–10 10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_001 https://doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_001 This paper describes an approach to translating course unit descriptions from Italian and German into English, using a phrase-based machine translation (MT) system. The genre is very prominent among those requiring translation by universities in European countries in which English is a non-native language. For each language combination, an in-domain bilingual corpus including course unit and degree program descriptions is used to train an MT engine, whose output is then compared to a baseline engine trained on the Europarl corpus. In a subsequent experiment, a bilingual terminology database is added to the training sets in both engines and its impact on the output quality is evaluated based on BLEU and post-editing score. Results suggest that the use of domain-specific corpora boosts the engines quality for both language combinations, especially for German-English, whereas adding terminological resources does not seem to bring notable benefits. inproceedings scansani-EtAl:2017:HiT-IT CristinaToledo Báez MoritzSchaeffer MichaelCarl Proceedings of the Workshop Human-Informed Translation and Interpreting Technology September 2017

Varna, Bulgaria

Association for Computational Linguistics, Shoumen, Bulgaria 11–20 10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_002 https://doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_002 Market pressure on translation productivity joined with technological innovation is likely to fragment and decontextualise translation jobs even more than is cur-rently the case. Many different translators increasingly work on one document at different places, collaboratively working in the cloud. This paper investigates the effect of decontextualised source texts on behaviour by comparing post-editing of sequentially ordered sentences with shuffled sentences from two different texts. The findings suggest that there is little or no effect of the decontextualised source texts on behaviour. inproceedings toledobaez-schaeffer-carl:2017:HiT-IT LarsAhrenberg Proceedings of the Workshop Human-Informed Translation and Interpreting Technology September 2017

Varna, Bulgaria

Association for Computational Linguistics, Shoumen, Bulgaria 21–28 10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_003 https://doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_003 As machine translation technology improves comparisons to human performance are often made in quite general and exaggerated terms. Thus, it is important to be able to account for differences accurately. This paper reports a simple, descriptive scheme for comparing translations and applies it to two translations of a British opinion article published in March, 2017. One is a human translation (HT) into Swedish, and the other a machine translation (MT). While the comparison is limited to one text, the results are indicative of current limitations in MT. inproceedings ahrenberg:2017:HiT-IT MichaelUstaszewski AndyStauder Proceedings of the Workshop Human-Informed Translation and Interpreting Technology September 2017

Varna, Bulgaria

Association for Computational Linguistics, Shoumen, Bulgaria 29–35 10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_004 https://doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_004 Despite the growing importance of data in translation, there is no data repository that equally meets the requirements of translation industry and academia alike. Therefore, we plan to develop a freely available, multilingual and expandable bank of translations and their source texts aligned at the sentence level. Special emphasis will be placed on the labelling of metadata that precisely describe the relations between translated texts and their originals. This metadata-centric approach gives users the opportunity to compile and download custom corpora on demand. Such a general-purpose data repository may help to bridge the gap between translation theory and the language industry, including translation technology providers and NLP. inproceedings ustaszewski-stauder:2017:HiT-IT IrinaTemnikova AhmedAbdelali SamyHedaya StephanVogel AishahAl Daher Proceedings of the Workshop Human-Informed Translation and Interpreting Technology September 2017

Varna, Bulgaria

Association for Computational Linguistics, Shoumen, Bulgaria 36–43 10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_005 https://doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_005 With the aim to teach our automatic speech-to-text translation system human interpreting strategies, our first step is to identify which interpreting strategies are most often used in the language pair of our interest (English-Arabic). In this article we run an automatic analysis of a corpus of parallel speeches and their human interpretations, and provide the results of manually annotating the human interpreting strategies in a sample of the corpus. We give a glimpse of the corpus, whose value surpasses the fact that it contains a high number of scientific speeches with their interpretations from English into Arabic, as it also provides rich information about the interpreters. We also discuss the difficulties, which we encountered on our way, as well as our solutions to them: our methodology for manual re-segmentation and alignment of parallel segments, the choice of annotation tool, and the annotation procedure. Our annotation findings explain the previously extracted specific statistical features of the interpreted corpus (compared with a translation one) as well as the quality of interpretation provided by different interpreters. inproceedings temnikova-EtAl:2017:HiT-IT AndreaSilvestre Baquero RuslanMitkov Proceedings of the Workshop Human-Informed Translation and Interpreting Technology September 2017

Varna, Bulgaria

Association for Computational Linguistics, Shoumen, Bulgaria 44–51 10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_006 https://doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_006 The TM memory systems changed the work of translators and now the translators not benefiting from these tools are a tiny minority. These tools operate on fuzzy (surface) matching mostly and cannot benefit from already translated texts which are synonymous to (or paraphrased versions of) the text to be translated. The match score is mostly based on character-string similarity, calculated through Levenshtein distance. The TM tools have difficulties with detecting similarities even in sentences which represent a minor revision of sentences already available in the translation memory. This shortcoming of the current TM systems was the subject of the present study and was empirically proven in the experiments we conducted. To this end, we compiled a small translation memory (English-Spanish) and applied several lexical and syntactic transformation rules to the source sentences with both English and Spanish being the source language. The results of this study show that current TM systems have a long way to go and highlight the need for TM systems equipped with NLP capabilities which will offer the translator the advantage of he/she not having to translate a sentence again if an almost identical sentence has already been already translated. inproceedings silvestrebaquero-mitkov:2017:HiT-IT HaniElgabou DimitarKazakov Proceedings of the Workshop Human-Informed Translation and Interpreting Technology September 2017

Varna, Bulgaria

Association for Computational Linguistics, Shoumen, Bulgaria 52–57 10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_007 https://doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_007 The aim of this research is to identify local Arabic dialects in texts from social media (Twitter) and link them to specific geographic areas. Dialect identification is studied as a subset of the task of language identification. The proposed method is based on unsupervised learning using simultaneously lexical and geographic distance. While this study focusses on Libyan dialects, the approach is general, and could produce resources to support human translators and interpreters when dealing with vernaculars rather than standard Arabic. inproceedings elgabou-kazakov:2017:HiT-IT KhalilMrini MartinBenjamin Proceedings of the Workshop Human-Informed Translation and Interpreting Technology September 2017

Varna, Bulgaria

Association for Computational Linguistics, Shoumen, Bulgaria 58–64 10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_008 https://doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-042-7_008 We propose methods to link automatically parsed linguistic data to the WordNet. We apply these methods on a trilingual dictionary in Fula, English and French. Dictionary entry parsing is used to collect the linguistic data. Then we connect it to the Open Multilingual WordNet (OMW) through two attempts, and use confidence scores to quantify accuracy. We obtained 11,000 entries in parsing and linked about 58% to the OMW on the first attempt, and an additional 14% in the second one. These links are due to be validated by Fula speakers before being added to the Kamusi Project’s database. inproceedings mrini-benjamin:2017:HiT-IT