Amber Hamilton
Author directory2026
Including Non-Manual Markers in Studies of American Sign Language Dialogue
Jillian Stebbins | Amber Hamilton | Emily Nover | Stephanie Patterson | Allison Fitch | Patrick Boudreault | Raja Kushalnagar | Cecilia O Alm
Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Multimodal Interaction in Face-to-Face Dialogue
Jillian Stebbins | Amber Hamilton | Emily Nover | Stephanie Patterson | Allison Fitch | Patrick Boudreault | Raja Kushalnagar | Cecilia O Alm
Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Multimodal Interaction in Face-to-Face Dialogue
Language technology resources are limited for signed languages. In order to improve these technologies, large amounts of labeled language data stored in annotated corpora are necessary. Many existing annotated corpora in American Sign Language (ASL) do not include non-manual markers (NMMs), i.e., language features that do not involve the hands. This work underscores the importance of including NMMs in sign language research by describing their plurifunctional nature in signed conversation, specifying their link to sign language prosody, examining the current state of ASL corpus research, and recommending a systematized method of annotation which captures the critical but complex variations in NMM production in ASL.