Chaerin Lee
Author directoryOther people with similar names: Chaerin Lee
2026
Reducing Logprob Without Causal Verification: Diagnosing SAE-Based PII Suppression in LLMs
Chaerin Lee | Wonho Lee | Sohee Park | Daeseon Choi
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: IJCNLP-AACL 2026
Chaerin Lee | Wonho Lee | Sohee Park | Daeseon Choi
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: IJCNLP-AACL 2026
SAE-based feature-level interventions to suppress PII leakage in LLMs are primarily evaluated by log-probability reduction. We show that this criterion cannot distinguish feature-specific suppression from a magnitude artifact: a direction-agnostic effect of sufficiently large activation perturbations. Across 36 (model, layer, PII type) cases, we compare selected SAE feature interventions with coherence-matched random direction controls using logprob and rank-aware metrics. While 17 cases (47%) appear successful under logprob-only evaluation, only 1 case (2.8%) passes our multi-metric framework. The rest reveal two failure modes: random directions outperform selected features, and feature selection collapse across PII types. These results indicate that existing evaluations cannot verify whether interventions target causal pathways of PII leakage. A 9,000-run causal mediation feasibility study corroborates this: the verifier separates candidates reliably, but correlation-selected candidates rarely pass it. We therefore propose a new research mission for NLP: causally grounded PII suppression through circuit-level localization and causal mediation analysis.