This study examines how human proctors interpret AI-generated alerts for misconduct in remote assessments. Findings suggest proctors can identify false positives, though confirmation bias and differences across test-taker nationalities were observed. Results highlight opportunities to refine proctoring guidelines and strengthen fairness in human oversight of automated signals in high-stakes testing.

This project leverages AI-based analysis of keystroke and mouse data to detect copy-typing and identify cheating rings in the Duolingo English Test. By modeling behavioral biometrics, the approach provides actionable signals to proctors, enhancing digital test security for large-scale online assessment.

The high capability of recent Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to concerns about possible misuse as cheating assistants in open-ended writing tasks in assessments. Although various detecting methods have been proposed, most of them have not been evaluated on or optimized for real-world samples from LLM-assisted cheating, where the generated text is often copy-typed imperfectly by the test-taker. In this paper, we present a framework for training LLM-generated text detectors that can effectively detect LLM-generated samples after being copy-typed. We enhance the existing transformer-based classifier training process with contrastive learning on constructed pairwise data and self-training on unlabeled data, and evaluate the improvements on a real-world dataset from the Duolingo English Test (DET), a high-stakes online English proficiency test. Our experiments demonstrate that the improved model outperforms the original transformer-based classifier and other baselines.