Elena Bueno-Benito
Author directory2026
How Well Do Vision-Language Models Understand Movies?
Emmanouil Zaranis | António Farinhas | Saul Santos | Beatriz Canaverde | Miguel Moura Ramos | Wafaa Mohammed | Giuseppe Attanasio | Chrysoula Zerva | Nithin Sivakumaran | Shoubin Yu | Elena Bueno-Benito | Aditya K Surikuchi | Ben Peters | Danae Sanchez Villegas | Andre G. Viveiros | Pavlo Vasylenko | Baohao Liao | Sonal Sannigrahi | Jaehong Yoon | Elias Stengel-Eskin | Mariella Dimiccoli | Oswald Lanz | Alessandro Suglia | Mohit Bansal | Sandro Pezzelle | Stella Frank | Vlad Niculae | Desmond Elliott | Raffaella Bernardi | Raquel Fernández | Andre Martins
Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Emmanouil Zaranis | António Farinhas | Saul Santos | Beatriz Canaverde | Miguel Moura Ramos | Wafaa Mohammed | Giuseppe Attanasio | Chrysoula Zerva | Nithin Sivakumaran | Shoubin Yu | Elena Bueno-Benito | Aditya K Surikuchi | Ben Peters | Danae Sanchez Villegas | Andre G. Viveiros | Pavlo Vasylenko | Baohao Liao | Sonal Sannigrahi | Jaehong Yoon | Elias Stengel-Eskin | Mariella Dimiccoli | Oswald Lanz | Alessandro Suglia | Mohit Bansal | Sandro Pezzelle | Stella Frank | Vlad Niculae | Desmond Elliott | Raffaella Bernardi | Raquel Fernández | Andre Martins
Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Vision-language models (VLMs) can increasingly handle extended contexts and answer questions about long videos—but can they understand the narrative structure of movies as humans do? To investigate this question, we introduce MF2 (Movie Facts and Fibs), a fully manually curated benchmark designed to evaluate whether models can identify, recall, and comprehend information central to the movie’s storyline, using both the visual and textual modalities. MF2 includes over 50 open-licensed movies, each paired with manually constructed sets of claim pairs: one true claim (fact) and one plausible but false (fib), totaling over 850 pairs. Our analysis across 20 open-source and 2 proprietary models reveals a substantial gap relative to human performance. While subtitles provide a strong signal for narrative understanding, other textual sources (e.g., synopses) are less informative. In contrast, when visual information is distributed across the entire movie and jointly embedded with subtitles, models struggle to identify and effectively use the relevant content. However, when the visual input is restricted to claim-relevant visual content, models improve significantly, indicating substantial room for improvement in processing large multimodal contexts and distinguishing relevant from irrelevant information. Overall, our findings highlight persistent challenges in multimodal narrative understanding for current VLMs. We release our data and code to support further research in this direction.
Search
Fix author
Co-authors
- Giuseppe Attanasio 1
- Mohit Bansal 1
- Raffaella Bernardi 1
- Beatriz Canaverde 1
- Mariella Dimiccoli 1
- Desmond Elliott 1
- António Farinhas 1
- Raquel Fernández 1
- Stella Frank 1
- Oswald Lanz 1
- Baohao Liao 1
- André F. T. Martins 1
- Wafaa Mohammed 1
- Vlad Niculae 1
- Ben Peters 1
- Sandro Pezzelle 1
- Miguel Moura Ramos 1
- Danae Sanchez Villegas 1
- Sonal Sannigrahi 1
- Saul Santos 1
- Nithin Sivakumaran 1
- Elias Stengel-Eskin 1
- Alessandro Suglia 1
- Aditya K Surikuchi 1
- Pavlo Vasylenko 1
- Andre G. Viveiros 1
- Jaehong Yoon 1
- Shoubin Yu 1
- Emmanouil Zaranis 1
- Chrysoula Zerva 1