Elisha Diskind
Author directory2026
Cross-Lingual Exploration for Parametric Knowledge
Elisha Diskind | Itamar Trainin | Uri Shaham | Leshem Choshen | Idan Szpektor | Omri Abend
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2026
Elisha Diskind | Itamar Trainin | Uri Shaham | Leshem Choshen | Idan Szpektor | Omri Abend
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2026
Parametric knowledge in Large Language Models is not equally accessible across languages. As a result, standard inference techniques often struggle to surface localized facts, leading to failures in cross-lingual knowledge transfer and consistency. In this work, we investigate techniques for accessing hidden factual knowledge by exploring the prompted questions across languages. We identify four inherent dimensions of cross-lingual exploration that directly govern parametric knowledge retrieval and evaluate them on multilingual factual benchmarks covering 17 typologically diverse languages. Our results demonstrate that cross-lingual exploration significantly improves knowledge transfer and factual recall, representing a more efficient compute Pareto frontier than native-language scaling. Furthermore, we report similar performance improvement in cross-lingual consistency, exceeding what can be explained by accuracy gains alone. Overall, our work demonstrates the potential of multilingual exploration to improve parametric knowledge recall.