Giovanni Iacca
Author directory2026
From Layers to Submodules: Rethinking Granularity in Replacement-Based LLM Compression
Elia Cunegatti | Marcus Vukojevic | Erik Nielsen | Giovanni Iacca
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2026
Elia Cunegatti | Marcus Vukojevic | Erik Nielsen | Giovanni Iacca
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2026
Post-training compression of Large Language Models (LLMs) removes entire architectural components, either deleting them or replacing them with fitted modules. Existing replacement-based methods share two design constraints: full-layer granularity and contiguous selection. We argue that this is overly restrictive: in fact, redundancy in pretrained transformers is not confined to contiguous regions, nor does it evenly distribute between Attention and FeedForward outputs, implying that different strategies best approximate different submodule types and that removable components need not cluster within contiguous depth ranges. Based on this intuition, we introduce SubFit (Submodule-level Fitted residual replacement), which compresses LLMs at the submodule level: Attention and FeedForward submodules are selected non-contiguously, and each receives its own lightweight fitted residual bypass. SubFit operates post-training and requires only calibration data. Across ten LLMs (five base, five instruction-tuned), five sparsity levels from 12.5% to 37.5%, and four replacement-based baselines, SubFit achieves the best aggregate perplexity–accuracy trade-off across the evaluated sparsity levels, with larger gains under aggressive compression. At 25% sparsity, it retains 84.6% of dense downstream accuracy and incurs 2.42× perplexity degradation, against 81.6% and 4.34× for the strongest baselines, while delivering measurable inference speedup and KV-cache savings. Code is available at https://github.com/eliacunegatti/SubFit.
Frequency Matters: Fast Model-Agnostic Data Curation for Pruning and Quantization
Francesco Pio Monaco | Elia Cunegatti | Flavio Vella | Giovanni Iacca
Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Francesco Pio Monaco | Elia Cunegatti | Flavio Vella | Giovanni Iacca
Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Post-training model compression is essential for enhancing the portability of Large Language Models (LLMs) while preserving their performance. While several compression approaches have been proposed, less emphasis has been placed on selecting the most suitable set of data (the so-called *calibration data*) for finding the compressed model configuration. The choice of calibration data is a critical step in preserving model capabilities both intra- and inter-tasks. In this work, we address the challenge of identifying high-performance calibration sets for both pruning and quantization by analyzing intrinsic data properties rather than model-specific signals. We introduce **ZipCal**, a model-agnostic data curation strategy that maximizes lexical diversity based on Zipfian power laws. Experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms standard uniform random sampling across various benchmarks. Notably, it also performs on par, in terms of downstream performance, with a state-of-the-art method that relies on model perplexity. The latter becomes prohibitively expensive at large-scale models and datasets, while **ZipCal** is on average 240 faster due to its tractable linear complexity. We make the code and the experiments available at https://github.com/FrancescoMonaco/ZipCal.