Indira Sriram
Author directory2026
Lay-Language and Cross-Lingual Disparities in LLM Medical Diagnosis: A Case Study in Rheumatological Skin Conditions
Grayson Hubbell | Yifei Zhang | Saksham Khatwani | Sriram Sankaranarayanan | Indira Sriram | Maria Leonor Pacheco
Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 5th Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)
Grayson Hubbell | Yifei Zhang | Saksham Khatwani | Sriram Sankaranarayanan | Indira Sriram | Maria Leonor Pacheco
Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 5th Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)
Patients increasingly turn to large language models (LLMs) for medical self-diagnosis in both English and non-English, often in colloquial language. We evaluate LLM diagnostic performance on rheumatological skin conditions across lay descriptions in English, Spanish, Hindi, and Mandarin, collected from native speakers without medical training, and clinical descriptions in English. Lay descriptions substantially reduce diagnostic accuracy relative to clinical ones, and the gap widens further across non-English languages. A diagnostic-focused system prompt narrows the lay-vs-clinical gap but does little to close the cross-language gap. Current LLMs appear to reproduce, and in some settings amplify, communication-driven disparities documented in clinical medicine.