James Wedgwood
Author directory2026
DSPA: Dynamic SAE Steering for Data-Efficient Preference Alignment
James Wedgwood | Aashiq Muhamed | Mona T. Diab | Virginia Smith
Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
James Wedgwood | Aashiq Muhamed | Mona T. Diab | Virginia Smith
Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Preference alignment is usually achieved by weight-updating training on preference data, which is costly and provides limited mechanistic visibility. We propose Dynamic SAE Steering for Preference Alignment (DSPA), an inference-time method that makes sparse autoencoder (SAE) steering prompt-conditional. From preference triples, DSPA computes a conditional-difference map linking prompt features to generation-control features; during decoding, it modifies only token-active latents, without base-model weight updates. Across Gemma-2-2B/9B and Qwen3-8B, DSPA improves MT-Bench and is competitive on AlpacaEval while preserving multiple-choice accuracy. Under restricted preference data, DSPA remains robust and can rival heavier alignment pipelines at a fraction of the compute. Finally, we audit the SAE features DSPA modifies, finding that preference directions are dominated by discourse and stylistic signals, and provide theory clarifying the conditional-difference map estimate and when top-k ablation is principled.