Teaching simulations with feedback are one way to provide teachers with practice opportunities to help improve their skill. We investigated methods to build evaluation models of teacher performance in leading a discussion in a simulated classroom, particularly for tasks with little performance data.

This paper examines how generative AI (GenAI) teaching simulations can be used as a formative assessment tool to gain insight into elementary preservice teachers’ (PSTs’) instructional abilities. This study investigated the teaching moves PSTs used to elicit student thinking in a GenAI simulation and their perceptions of the simulation’s