Morphological inflection is a crucial task in the field of morphology and is typically considered a sequence transduction task. In recent years, it has received substantial attention from researchers and made significant progress. Models have achieved impressive performance levels for both high- and low-resource languages. However, when the distribution of instances in the training dataset changes, or novel lemma or feature labels are predicted, the model’s accuracy declines. In agglutinative languages, morphological inflection involves phonological phenomena while generating new words, which can alter the syllable patterns at the boundary between the lemma and the suffixes. This paper proposes four strategies for low-resource agglutinative languages to enhance the model’s generalization ability. Firstly, a convolution module extracts syllable-like units from lemmas, allowing the model to learn syllable features. Secondly, the lemma and feature labels are represented separately in the input, and the position encoding of the feature labels is marked so that the model learns the order between suffixes and labels. Thirdly, the model recognizes the common substrings in lemmas through two special characters and copies them into words. Finally, combined with syllable features, we improve the data augmentation method. A series of experiments show that the proposed model in this paper is superior to other baseline models.

Due to the lack of data resources, rule-based or transfer learning is mainly used in the morphological tagging of low-resource languages. However, these methods require expert knowledge, ignore contextual features, and have error propagation. Therefore, we propose a joint morphological tagger for low-resource agglutinative languages to alleviate the above challenges. First, we represent the contextual input with multi-dimensional features of agglutinative words. Second, joint training reduces the direct impact of part-of-speech errors on morphological features and increases the indirect influence between the two types of labels through a fusion mechanism. Finally, our model separately predicts part-of-speech and morphological features. Part-of-speech tagging is regarded as sequence tagging. When predicting morphological features, two-label adjacency graphs are dynamically reconstructed by integrating multilingual global features and monolingual local features. Then, a graph convolution network is used to learn the higher-order intersection of labels. A series of experiments show that the proposed model in this paper is superior to other comparative models.

The Universal Dependencies (UD) Project seeks to build a cross-lingual studies of treebanks, linguistic structures and parsing. Its goal is to create a set of multilingual harmonized treebanks that are designed according to a universal annotation scheme. In this paper, we report on the conversion of the Uyghur dependency treebank to a UD version of the treebank which we term the Uyghur Universal Dependency Treebank (UyDT). We present the mapping of the Uyghur dependency treebank’s labelling scheme to the UD scheme, along with a clear description of the structural changes required in this conversion.