María Ferre Fernández
Author directory2026
AI-assisted cultural heritage dissemination: Comparing NMT and glossary-augmented LLM translation in rock art documents
Vicent Briva-Iglesias | María Ferre Fernández
Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation (Volume 1)
Vicent Briva-Iglesias | María Ferre Fernández
Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation (Volume 1)
Cultural heritage institutions increasingly disseminate research and interpretive materials globally, but multilingual dissemination is constrained by limited budgets and staffing. In terminology-dense domains such as rock art, translation quality depends on accurate, consistent specialised terms, and small lexical errors can mislead non-specialists and reduce reuse. We compare three English MT setups for a Spanish academic rock art text: (1) DeepL as a strong NMT baseline, (2) Gemini-Simple (LLM with a basic prompt), and (3) Gemini-RAG (the same LLM with glossary-augmented prompting via lightweight retrieval of term pairs). Using PEARMUT, we conduct a human evaluation via (i) multi-way Direct Assessment (0–100) on 91 segments (1,743 Spanish words) and (ii) targeted terminology auditing with a restricted MQM taxonomy. Gemini-RAG yields the highest exact-match terminology accuracy (81.4%), versus Gemini-Simple (69.1%) and DeepL (64.4%), while preserving overall quality (mean DA 85.3 Gemini-RAG vs. 85.2 Gemini-Simple) and outperforming DeepL (80.3). These results show that glossary-augmented prompting is a low-overhead way to improve terminology control in cultural-heritage translation, provided that institutions maintain minimal terminology resources and lightweight evaluation procedures.