Muzhen Cai

Author directory

2026

Embodied planning is dedicated to the goal of building agents capable of perceiving, reasoning, and executing long-horizon tasks in physical environments. However, existing embodied benchmarks predominantly focus on single-agent execution or restricted multi-agent settings, leaving long-horizon tasks that involve complex inter-agent dependencies largely underexplored despite their prevalence in real-world embodied scenarios. To address this gap, we introduce CoEmbod, the first realistic 3D simulated embodied benchmark for long-horizon multi-agent embodied cooperation with diverse inter-agent dependencies. CoEmbod contains 155 expert-curated tasks across 40 scenes and 10845 objects, covering three cooperation regimes: spatial distribution, parallel constraint, and failure recovery. These regimes cover a broad spectrum of cooperative requirements, ranging from distributed task allocation to synchronized execution and assisted failure recovery. CoEmbod further provides a process-level evaluation framework with Budgeted Cooperative Success (BCS), which jointly measures goal completion, cooperation fidelity, and execution efficiency. Experiments reveal that even the leading LMM powering a well-established agentic workflow achieves only 20.23% success, highlighting the difficulty of long-horizon multi-agent cooperation with diverse inter-agent dependencies in complex embodied environments.

2023

Explaining black-box model behavior with natural language has achieved impressive results in various NLP tasks. Recent research has explored the utilization of subsequences from the input text as a rationale, providing users with evidence to support the model decision. Although existing frameworks excel in generating high-quality rationales while achieving high task performance, they neglect to account for the unreliable link between the generated rationale and model decision. In simpler terms, a model may make correct decisions while attributing wrong rationales, or make poor decisions while attributing correct rationales. To mitigate this issue, we propose a unified two-stage framework known as Self-Attribution and Decision-Making (SADM). Through extensive experiments on five reasoning datasets from the ERASER benchmark, we demonstrate that our framework not only establishes a more reliable link between the generated rationale and model decision but also achieves competitive results in task performance and the quality of rationale. Furthermore, we explore the potential of our framework in semi-supervised scenarios.