Pablo Poulenard
Author directory2026
Knowledge-Graph Based Augmentation versus Retrieval Augmented Generation for Cultural-Related Question Answering
Pablo Poulenard | Yannis Karmim | Valentin Barrière
The Proceedings of the Workshop on Open Reasoning Across Cultures Languages (ORACLE)
Pablo Poulenard | Yannis Karmim | Valentin Barrière
The Proceedings of the Workshop on Open Reasoning Across Cultures Languages (ORACLE)
Large language models (LLMs) suffer from a long-tail deficit: culturally specific facts, particularly those concerning underrepresented regions such as Latin America, appear too rarely in pretraining corpora to be reliably memorized. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this by grounding generation in external text, but structured alternatives such as Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offer tighter control over what enters the context, along with potential gains in explainability and updatability. We benchmark Graph-RAG against standard RAG on LatamQA, a culturally grounded multiplechoice dataset spanning eight thematic categories. The graphs are built end-to-end from Wikipedia articles with KGGen, a recent opendomain extractor, without manual curation in our main setting. G-Retriever is competitive with RAG and reduces the error of the base LLM by 72% with a standard KG and 78% with a benchmark-aware variant, the gap to RAG narrowing further as the graph is oriented toward task-relevant content. The trained projection transfers zero-shot to Portuguese without target-language fine-tuning, indicating multilingual reach. Our code is available here.