The Anglocentric nature of scholarly communication has many implications, such as limiting publication, discoverability and access from other language communities (even for major languages); putting minoritized languages at risk in the academic domain; and excluding many from peer review. The OSCAIL project addresses these challenges by exploring how machine translation (MT) enhanced by large language model (LLM)–based technologies can support access to scientific knowledge. Outputs will include evaluation datasets, protocols and best practices for MT in scholarly communication, and a prototype integration of MT tools into Open Journal Systems, the world’s most widely used open-source scholarly publishing platform.