William Hager
Author directory2026
Inverse Turing Bench: Evaluating Language Models as Judges of Human vs. AI Dialogue
William Hager | Ishika Rathi | Masum Hasan | Cameron Robert Jones
Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Language Understanding in the Human-Machine Era (LUHME 2026)
William Hager | Ishika Rathi | Masum Hasan | Cameron Robert Jones
Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Language Understanding in the Human-Machine Era (LUHME 2026)
As AI systems integrate into online spaces, differentiating them from humans in conversations is increasingly important. We present INVERSE TURING BENCH, a benchmark that evaluates LLMs and other models on their ability to differentiate humans and AI in multi-turn text. The benchmark provides a collection of paired dialogue transcripts, wherein one dialogue is between two humans and the other is between a human and an AI. The task is to correctly identify which dialogue is human-only vs. human-AI. We evaluated a preliminary set of models against this benchmark, and found that GPTZero, Claude Opus-4.6, and GPT-5.5 achieve the highest accuracy: 89.41%, 77.92%, and 75.94% respectively. Our results suggest that statistical approaches to detection have semantic blind spots, but semantic approaches are susceptible to persona-prompting. Our work speaks to the Inverse Turing Test and motivates human-AI differentiation as a critical capability for AI systems. Our live benchmark can be found at https://huggingface.co/spaces/roc-hci/Inverse-Turing-Bench-Leaderboard