Other people with similar names: Xi Cao


2026

Existing Text-to-SQL benchmarks remain idealized compared with enterprise scenarios, which require massive query scopes, complex schemas, and scattered external knowledge. We present BIRD-Ent and Spider-Ent, two enterprise-oriented benchmarks constructed via a refinement framework, together with Dual-Retrieval-Augmented-Generation (DRAG) Text-to-SQL, which formalizes table-schema and knowledge retrieval before SQL generation. The benchmarks feature over 4,000 columns per query and, for BIRD-Ent, documents totaling 1.5M tokens. Evaluation on state-of-the-art models shows sharp drops, with only 39.1% EX on BIRD-Ent and 60.5% EX on Spider-Ent. These results establish the Ent-series as a discriminative testbed for structurally robust and retrieval-aware Text-to-SQL.

2025

Text-to-SQL is the task of translating natural language questions into SQL queries based on relational databases. Different databases implement their own SQL dialects, leading to variations in syntax. As a result, SQL queries designed for one database may not execute properly in another, creating a dialect gap. Existing Text-to-SQL research primarily focuses on specific database systems, limiting adaptability to different dialects. This paper proposes a novel adaptive framework called Dialect-SQL, which employs Object Relational Mapping (ORM) code as an intermediate language to bridge this gap. Given a question, we guide Large Language Models (LLMs) to first generate ORM code, which is then parsed into SQL queries targeted for specific databases. However, there is a lack of high-quality Text-to-Code datasets that enable LLMs to effectively generate ORM code. To address this issue, we propose a bootstrapping approach to synthesize ORM code, where verified ORM code is iteratively integrated into a demonstration pool that serves as in-context examples for ORM code generation. Our experiments demonstrate that Dialect-SQL significantly enhances dialect adaptability, outperforming traditional methods that generate SQL queries directly. Our code and data are released at https://github.com/jieshi10/orm-sql.