Other people with similar names: Xiang Li (East China Normal University), Xiang Li, Xiang Li, Xiang Li, Xiang Li, Xiang Li (Qilu), Xiang Li, Xiang Li, Xiang Li (East China Normal University), Xiang Li, Xiang Li, Xiang Li, Xiang Li, Xiang Li (Peking), Xiang Li (Massachusetts), Xiang Li, Xiang Li (Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications), Xiang Li (Peking), Xiang Li (North China Electric Power University), Xiang Li, Xiang Li, Xiang Li (Beihang), Xiang Lorraine Li

Unverified author pages with similar names: Xiang Li


2026

Google’s Agent-to-Agent (A2A) protocol transforms multi-agent collaboration from a closed pipeline into an open and dynamic ecosystem. A2A-based multi-agent systems typically depend on a central orchestrator to coordinate task allocation across agents. However, this paradigm exposes a new attack surface at the agent-orchestration layer: an agent provider can forge an adversarial agent profile to bias the orchestrator’s decisions. We find this risk and propose OrcaJack, an agent orchestration hijacking attack. By injecting a deceptively appealing agent profile into the agent pool, OrcaJack causes user queries in a target domain to be consistently routed to the malicious agent. We formulate the adversarial agent profile construction process as a discrete optimization problem and solve it with a domain-skill-driven genetic algorithm. Across multiple domain benchmarks and orchestrator LLMs, Orcajack can reach up to 100% routing rate, while simple pool-side defenses fail to flag the crafted profiles. Our work is the first to expose the over-trust of agent-declared capabilities in modern agent discovery, motivating pool-side validation defenses.