Speculative decoding accelerates autoregressive LLM generation with a lightweight draft model, yet existing distillation methods treat all historical tokens equally despite their divergent contributions to next-token prediction. We discover that attention in draft models is extremely concentrated: the top-3 historical tokens capture 80% of attention weight, while over 90% of tokens contribute negligibly. This uniform training paradigm forces the draft model to learn from noisy, low-importance tokens, diluting the learning signal from informative positions and limiting the alignment between draft and target distributions. To address this, we propose DarterSD, a dynamic token-weighted distillation framework for efficient speculative decoding. DarterSD employs a learnable sigmoid gate in self-attention to compute per-token importance scores, and designs a multi-objective distillation loss comprising distribution alignment, logit matching, and gate regularization to focus training on high-informative tokens. We further introduce a lightweight Boolean-mask denoising strategy at inference to suppress contextual noise, without modifying the target model’s verification pipeline. Experiments show DarterSD delivers a lossless speedup up to 5.52x , outperforming EAGLE3 (4.67x), and boosts the average accepted token length by 12.9%.

With the continuous advancement in the performance of large language models (LLMs), their demand for computational resources and memory has significantly increased, which poses major challenges for efficient inference on consumer-grade devices and legacy servers. These devices typically feature relatively weaker GPUs and stronger CPUs. Although techniques such as parameter offloading and partial offloading can alleviate GPU memory pressure to some extent, their effectiveness is limited due to communication latency and suboptimal hardware resource utilization. To address this issue, we propose Dovetail—a lossless inference acceleration method that leverages the complementary characteristics of heterogeneous devices and the advantages of speculative decoding. Dovetail deploys a draft model on the GPU to perform preliminary predictions, while a target model running on the CPU validates these outputs. By reducing the granularity of data transfer, Dovetail significantly minimizes communication overhead. To further improve efficiency, we optimize the draft model specifically for heterogeneous hardware environments by reducing the number of draft tokens to lower parallel verification latency, increasing model depth to enhance predictive capabilities, and introducing a Dynamic Gating Fusion (DGF) mechanism to improve the integration of feature and embedding information. We conduct comprehensive evaluations of Dovetail across various consumer-grade GPUs, covering multiple tasks and mainstream models. Experimental results on 13B models demonstrate that Dovetail achieves inference speedups ranging from 1.79× to 10.1× across different devices, while maintaining consistency and stability in the distribution of generated texts.