Zichen Xu
Author directory2026
Steer on Rubrics: Auditable Steering of Schwartz Values in Language Models
Zichen Xu | Geng Zhao | Aoxiang Qin | Li Zhou | Benyou Wang
Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Zichen Xu | Geng Zhao | Aoxiang Qin | Li Zhou | Benyou Wang
Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Controlling the basic human values expressed by large language models (LLMs) has attracted growing attention in the mechanistic interpretability community. Recent work has made substantial attempts to steer such values through vector arithmetic or causal attribution over internal states. However, because values are complex social constructs, their mechanistic controllability still faces a major unresolved challenge: the auditability bottleneck, which makes it difficult to construct natural-language corpora that precisely capture value realization for mechanistic analysis. To address this challenge, we propose VALUEAUDITOR, a measurement-first framework that makes values behaviorally targetable before they are representationally steered. It operationalizes each value through grouped, theory-grounded response rubrics, derives graded supervision from same-scenario response contrasts, and performs inference-time steering through token-level sparse features that retain local cues of value expression. Experimental results show that VALUEAUDITOR significantly outperforms cutting-edge baseline methods on value steering benchmarks, while demonstrating robust control across values and scenarios with minimal trade-offs in response clarity. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/ZichenX/Steer-On-Rubrics
TTS-Hub: Leveraging Modular LoRAs and Arithmetic Composition for Controllable Text-to-Speech
Xiang Li | Shiqi Zhang | Zichen Xu | Wenyuan Gu | Hongru Xiao | Bo Cheng | Li Zhou | Jiale Han | Benyou Wang
Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Xiang Li | Shiqi Zhang | Zichen Xu | Wenyuan Gu | Hongru Xiao | Bo Cheng | Li Zhou | Jiale Han | Benyou Wang
Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Controllable text-to-speech (TTS) aims to generate speech from text with precise control over prosodic and speaker-related attributes such as pitch, age, and accent. Existing methods mainly rely on natural language prompts or reference audio cloning. However, prompt-based approaches often suffer from the cross-modal semantic gap between textual descriptions and target speech attributes, resulting in imprecise and coarse-grained control, while cloning-based methods are constrained by reference audio and offer limited flexibility. To address these limitations, we propose TTS-Hub, a controllable TTS framework that leverages modular Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) components and their arithmetic composition for fine-grained and flexible speech control. Specifically, we first build a comprehensive Data Hub covering 6 high-level categories and 32 fine-grained speech attributes, and use it to construct a LoRA Hub in which each LoRA is specialized for a specific attribute. During inference, TTS-Hub selects and composes the required LoRA modules through simple arithmetic operations, enabling flexible and extensible attribute control without retraining the backbone model. Experiments on two mainstream TTS frameworks demonstrate that TTS-Hub consistently outperforms strong baselines and enables precise and flexible control.