Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026)

Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor 2026-10 Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary text conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 realm-2026-1 https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.0/ Shared Selective Persistent Memory for Agentic LLM Systems Sanjana Pedada author Aditya Dhavala author Neelraj J Patil author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 pedada-etal-2026-shared https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.1/ 2026-10 1 13 Hydra: Adaptive Adversarial Attacks for Dynamic Multi-Stage Edge Intelligence Services Linhan Li author Chuanqi Jiang author Wenqian Weng author Jacqueline J Pang author Zhiguo Tao author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 li-etal-2026-hydra https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.2/ 2026-10 14 26 Silent Locale Corruption: Diagnosing and Mitigating Chinese-Locale Semantic Failures in LLM Tool Calling Ruiyang Zhang author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 zhang-2026-silent-locale https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.3/ 2026-10 27 37 Self-Correcting Large Language Models: Generation vs. Multiple Choice Hossein A Rahmani author Satyapriya Krishna author Xi Wang author Mohammadmehdi Naghiaei author Emine Yilmaz author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 rahmani-etal-2026-self https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.4/ 2026-10 38 56 Do Context Files Help Coding Agents? A Two-Agent Ablation Study on Real Repositories Prakhar Khatri author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 khatri-2026-context https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.5/ 2026-10 57 67 Causal Decomposition of LLM Agent Failure via Oracle-State Intervention Leqi Jia author Muhammad Saadat author Marlin Wong author Adithya Venkatesh author Kiran Nijjer author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 jia-etal-2026-causal https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.6/ 2026-10 68 85 Measuring the Serving Stack Instead of the Model: Hidden Confounds in Local Tool-Use Evaluation Lijuan Tang author Yuemeng Zheng author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 tang-zheng-2026-measuring https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.7/ 2026-10 86 94 Authentic but Not Neutral: Selective Evidence in LLM-Agent Leaderboards Xiaoxuan Li author Bangbang Liu author Ying Zhao author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 li-etal-2026-authentic https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.8/ 2026-10 95 108 GRASP: Generating, Revising, and Assessing for Strategic Planning with Agentic AI Arunabh Srivastava author Mohammad A Khojastepour author Srimat Chakradhar author Sennur Ulukus author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 srivastava-etal-2026-grasp https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.9/ 2026-10 109 132 Answer or Compute? Direct Inference vs. Code Generation for LLM Game-State Understanding in RTS Games Chang Liu author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 liu-2026-answer https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.10/ 2026-10 133 145 Foundation First: Stabilizing SLM Agents via Pre-execution Logical Scaffolding Juntae Lee author Jihwan Bang author Seunghan Yang author Sungha Choi author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 lee-etal-2026-foundation https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.11/ 2026-10 146 160 Agent Step Value: Auditing Evaluation-Channel Sensitivity in Black-Box Agent Traces Andrew Zhang author Chengzhan Li author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 zhang-li-2026-agent https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.12/ 2026-10 161 176 FUSE: Failure-Guided Scenario Synthesis and Weighted Refinement for LLM Function Calling Zhiguo Tao author Linhan Li author Lifan Sun author Zichen Yuan author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 tao-etal-2026-fuse https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.13/ 2026-10 177 186 Is Progressive Disclosure All You Need for Long-Context Agents? Yifeng He author Yinzhe Zhao author Jicheng Wang author Hao Chen author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 he-etal-2026-progressive https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.14/ 2026-10 187 203 From Credit Assignment to Repair: A Leakage-Controlled Diagnostic Study of Tool-Using Agents Shaobo Qiao author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 qiao-2026-credit https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.15/ 2026-10 204 211 When Should LLM Agents Forget? Memory Filtering Under Query-Critical Resolver Errors Samarth Vinayaka author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 vinayaka-2026-llm https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.16/ 2026-10 212 225 STAC: When Innocent Tools Form Dangerous Chains for LLM Agents Jing-Jing Li author Jianfeng He author Chao Shang author Devang Kulshreshtha author Xun Xian author Yi Zhang author Hang Su author Sandesh Swamy author Yanjun Qi author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 li-etal-2026-stac https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.17/ 2026-10 226 262 Do Query-Agnostic Memory Structures Earn Their Budget? A 10M-Token Audit with Exact Read Limits Amit Maraj author Kannav Sethi author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 maraj-sethi-2026-query https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.18/ 2026-10 263 270 Explicit State Elicitation Is Not Enough: A Controlled Audit of Memory-Policy Classification Yihang Chen author Pin Qian author Su Wang author Chong Peng author Huan Xu author Shuaiting Li author Yiqi Sun author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 chen-etal-2026-explicit https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.19/ 2026-10 271 294 Retrieval is Enough: A Memory-Augmented Agent for Algorithm Selection Zhang Weizhou author Lixing Lyu author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 weizhou-lyu-2026-retrieval https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.20/ 2026-10 295 305 Decomposing Self-Reflection in LLM Agents: Diagnostic Scaffolds, Uncertainty Labels, and Action Diversity Poli Nemkova author Haeshitha Indukuri author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 nemkova-indukuri-2026-decomposing https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.21/ 2026-10 306 322 Agent-Readiness of Synthesized API Tools: Parametric Gravity and the Limits of Documentation Grounding Teodora Stereciu author Baohao Liao author Christian Herold author Shahram Khadivi author Christof Monz author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 stereciu-etal-2026-agent https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.22/ 2026-10 323 340 CAPSafe: A Benchmark for Contextual Action and Plan Safety Reasoning in Embodied Agents Youmna Farag author Svetlana Stoyanchev author Simon Keizer author Mohan Li author Rama Doddipatla author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 farag-etal-2026-capsafe https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.23/ 2026-10 341 364 Where the Tokens Go: A Measured Anatomy of LLM Agent Trajectory Costs Tommy Tran author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 tran-2026-tokens https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.24/ 2026-10 365 373 Feedback Blindness: Diagnosing Silent Failures in Closed-Loop Agentic Data-Generation Pipelines Loc Nguyen author Nguyen Khanh Long author Vu Gia Nam author Nguyen Tran Minh Nhat author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 nguyen-etal-2026-feedback https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.25/ 2026-10 374 381 Tool Quality, Not Framework Complexity: Evaluating RLM Vision, Code, and Memory Pipelines for Radiology Applications Jonas Schewior author Ansari Hamid Raja Gulam author Mohamed Ashfaq Anwerdeen author Andreas Wendemuth author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 schewior-etal-2026-tool https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.26/ 2026-10 382 397 Autonomous Event Driven Multi-Agent Orchestration for Enterprise AI at Scale Harsh Rao Dhanyamraju author Leonidas Raghav author Aaron Lee author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 dhanyamraju-etal-2026-autonomous https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.27/ 2026-10 398 434 ToolMisuseBench: An Offline Deterministic Benchmark for Tool Misuse and Recovery in Agentic Systems Rista Baral author Akshey Sigdel author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 baral-sigdel-2026-toolmisusebench https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.28/ 2026-10 435 442 Same Answers, Different Active-Store States: An Identification Audit of FactConsolidation Single-Hop Daeun Jeong author Yongjun Zhu author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 jeong-zhu-2026-answers https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.29/ 2026-10 443 450 Externalizing Requirement-to-Repair Artifacts as Observable Traces for LLM-Based Program Repair Zewen Tao author Shin-nosuke Ishikawa author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 tao-ishikawa-2026-externalizing https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.30/ 2026-10 451 460 Flight to Mediocrity: Why LLM Agent Selectors Under-Hire Experts When Quality Claims Are Unverified Soham Wasmatkar author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 wasmatkar-2026-flight https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.31/ 2026-10 461 472 Translating the Translator: Decomposing the Cost of English-Forced Inter-Agent Communication Kushagra Agrawal author Yuming Feng author Man-Fai Leung author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 agrawal-etal-2026-translating https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.32/ 2026-10 473 483 Mo’ Models, Mo’ Problems: How to best select model pools when designing Multi-Agent Systems Sara Vera Marjanovic author Jiacheng Xu author Aleksandr Laptev author Grigor Nalbandyan author Erik Arakelyan author Evelina Bakhturina author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 marjanovic-etal-2026-mo https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.33/ 2026-10 484 507 Be Careful Who You Trust: Coordination Dynamics under Corrupted Communication in LLM Multi-Agent Games Xuanyi Liu author Niall Dalton author Hairi Amin author Xiyuan Yin author Lydia Lim author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 liu-etal-2026-careful https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.34/ 2026-10 508 523 Weighted Memory Tree: Remembering What Matters for Long-Horizon LLM Agents Quang Dao author Purvi Kathalkar author Kenneth Eaton author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 dao-etal-2026-weighted https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.35/ 2026-10 524 540 ACIES: A Self-Evolving Agentic Contract-Based Framework for Cyber-Physical System Control Synthesis Yifeng Xiao author Zhiyu Ni author Dinghong Song author Mi Zhou author Pierluigi Nuzzo author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 xiao-etal-2026-acies https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.36/ 2026-10 541 550 Capability Is Not Complementarity: A Routing Feasibility Study in Financial Question Answering Rishi N Simhadri author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 simhadri-2026-capability https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.37/ 2026-10 551 556 Generation and Verification: Human-Agent Collaboration for Safety-Critical Automotive Software Engineering Elizaveta Zinovyeva author Aiham Taleb author Nikita Kozodoi author Daniel Schleicher author Amir Mahdi Namazi author Martin Kraus author Levent Kent author Brian Jensen author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 zinovyeva-etal-2026-generation https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.38/ 2026-10 557 570 Two Thirds of the Best-of-K Oracle Band in Tool Agents Is Unreachable by Reward-Free Selection Srinivas Harish author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 harish-2026-two https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.39/ 2026-10 571 578 AIDG: A Formal Decomposition of Information Extraction and Containment Asymmetries in Multi-Turn LLM Dialogue Adib Sakhawat author Fardeen Sadab author Rakin Shahriar author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 sakhawat-etal-2026-aidg https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.40/ 2026-10 579 598 V-RAM: A Visual Retrieval-Augmented Multi-Agent Reasoning Framework for Medical Dialogue Diagnosis Shukraditya Bose author Soumen Sinha author Ananya R Bhat author Rahul Roy author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 bose-etal-2026-v https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.41/ 2026-10 599 617 AgenticLOCI: A Multi-Agent Memory Framework for Conversational AI with Longitudinal Personalization Jonas Schewior author Deniz Bilgin author Gonzalo Haefner author Andreas Wendemuth author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 schewior-etal-2026-agenticloci https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.42/ 2026-10 618 638 Capture Is Easy, Forgetting Is Hard: Benchmarking Prospective Memory in Conversational Agents Deniz Bilgin author Jonas Schewior author Andreas Wendemuth author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 bilgin-etal-2026-capture https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.43/ 2026-10 639 654 When Hiring Becomes Agent-Mediated: Evaluating Access and Recurrence in Two-Agent Résumé Screening Jian Gao author Hang Jiang author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 gao-jiang-2026-hiring https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.44/ 2026-10 655 663 Research Agents Feed Doubts, Not Beliefs: Auditing Belief Framing in Live-Web Search Siddharth Vohra author Min Xu author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 vohra-xu-2026-research https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.45/ 2026-10 664 674 When Failures Propagate: Causal Failure Attribution in Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation Lauren Pothuru author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 pothuru-2026-failures https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.46/ 2026-10 675 686 What Agent Benchmarks Don’t Tell You: Recoverability and Credit Assignment in Agentic Retrieval Evaluation Sai Krishna Rallabandi author Parag Pravin Dakle author Preethi Raghavan author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 rallabandi-etal-2026-agent https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.47/ 2026-10 687 701 When the API Speaks the Wrong Language: Revisiting Post-Training for Multilingual Tool Use Siddharth Chauhan author Thomas Butler author Abhishek Singhania author Pankaj Kumar Porwal author Honey Gupta author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 chauhan-etal-2026-api https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.48/ 2026-10 702 723 Beating a Random-Direction Bank Does Not Establish Policy Improvement: An Exact-Value Audit of Activation Steering for Agents Avinash Goutham Aluguvelly author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 aluguvelly-2026-beating https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.49/ 2026-10 724 737 DySAS: Dynamic State-Aware Student Simulation Beyond Static Personas Partha Sarathi Purkayastha author Heejin Do author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 purkayastha-do-2026-dysas https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.50/ 2026-10 738 763 MCPAgentBench: A Real-world Task Benchmark for Evaluating LLM Agent MCP Tool Use Zixiang Liu author Wenrui Liu author Elsie Dai author Wenhan Yu author Lei Yu author Tong Yang author Yinjun Han author Hong Gao author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 liu-etal-2026-mcpagentbench https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.51/ 2026-10 764 773 Grounding First: Auditing a Structured Recovery Wrapper for Local Open-Weight Reflexion Agents Nimay Ballal author Badri Prasad V R author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 ballal-v-r-2026-grounding https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.52/ 2026-10 774 784 What Drives Recovery in Agentic Text-to-Cypher? LAST-CQ: An LLM Agent Self-Refinement Framework Ioannis Prokopiou author Athanasios Aidinis author Panagiotis-Christos Kyrmpatsos author Pantelis Vikatos author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 prokopiou-etal-2026-drives https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.53/ 2026-10 785 799 Runtime Verification of Dimensional Semantics in Checkpointed Large Language Model Tool Workflows Aditya Mazumdar author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 mazumdar-2026-runtime https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.54/ 2026-10 800 806 Bayesian Belief Layer for Controllable Opinion Dynamics in LLM Agents Hafsa Akbar author Daniel Platnick author Marjan Alirezaie author Hossein Rahnama author Alex Pentland author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 akbar-etal-2026-bayesian https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.55/ 2026-10 807 815 Failing Agents Leave Traces: Telemetry Signatures for Multi-Tier Agent Evaluation Muthaheera Yasmeena Belgur Shamiullah author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 shamiullah-2026-failing https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.56/ 2026-10 816 831 EARS: Explanatory Abstention for Reliable Sub-Agent Modeling in Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems Shuang Xie author Yunan Lu author Han Li author Lingyun Wang author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 xie-etal-2026-ears https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.57/ 2026-10 832 845 ExGQL: Self-Improving Natural Language-to-Graph Query Generation via Experience-Guided Learning Penghong Guo author Boxin Du author Houliang Zhou author Chaman Gupta author Yina Gu author Rayssa Küllian author Shen Jiang author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 guo-etal-2026-exgql https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.58/ 2026-10 846 855 Environment Steering: Using Data Flow Control to Improve Agent Utility and Safety Charlie Summers author Prajwal Raghunath author Aaditya Pai author Mayur Kulkarni author Zhuo Zhang author Oliver Kennedy author Eugene Wu author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 summers-etal-2026-environment https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.59/ 2026-10 856 880 Role-Diverse Agent Forests for Neuroimaging Triage: When Does Prompt-Induced Role Diversity Help? Tamara Kostova author Sonja Gievska author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 kostova-gievska-2026-role https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.60/ 2026-10 881 892 The Audit Decides the Verdict: Instrument Effects Rival Demographic Bias in LLM Decision Audits Siddharth Vohra author Manikandan Ravikiran author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 vohra-ravikiran-2026-audit https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.61/ 2026-10 893 902 SEDIMA: Cross-Run Hierarchical Insight Memory for Evolutionary Search Agents Amirhossein Abaskohi author Mahdi Mostajabdaveh author Zirui Zhou author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 abaskohi-etal-2026-sedima https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.62/ 2026-10 903 921 When Critics Go Stale: Benchmarking Safety Guardrail Degradation Under Environment Drift Fatemeh Taheri Dezaki author Lakshman Kolasani author Ankita Bhaumik author Siddartha Sathyamoorthy Rao author Ayush Jain author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 dezaki-etal-2026-critics https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.63/ 2026-10 922 929 Are LLM Shopping Agents Behaviorally Distinguishable from Human Shoppers? A Session-Level Study Arka Dutta author Virinchi Roy Surabhi author Jiayue Tong author Dihan Dai author Olcay Boz author Amila Weerasinghe author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 dutta-etal-2026-llm https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.64/ 2026-10 930 946 BioSciReview-Bench: Benchmarking Coding Agents on Silent Scientific Bug Detection in Bioinformatics Code Junhao Qiu author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 qiu-2026-bioscireview https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.65/ 2026-10 947 956 Do Tool Schemas Fully Specify Argument Binding? Jai Kumar Sharma author Peeyush Tapadiya author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 sharma-tapadiya-2026-tool https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.66/ 2026-10 957 972 Testing Behavioral Adaptation in Repeated Interactions Between LLM Agents Lixin Liu author Yixuan Li author Xiankun Lin author Yutian Lu author Shiguang NI author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 liu-etal-2026-testing https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.67/ 2026-10 973 985 CaseInterviewBench: Evaluating Agentic AI’s Purpose-Reflective Autonomy to Uncover What the User Really Needs Shin-nosuke Ishikawa author Masato Todo author Atsushi Yoshino author Hirotsugu Ohba author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 ishikawa-etal-2026-caseinterviewbench https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.68/ 2026-10 986 1002 A Case Study of On-Premise ReAct for Collaborative Robot Programming Yu-Seung Ma author Sangyeop Yeo author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 ma-yeo-2026-case https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.69/ 2026-10 1003 1010 Causal Episodic Memory for Feedback-Driven Agent Repair Khang Nhat Hoang Vo author Tam Minh author Anh Trac Duc Dinh author Thuyen Vinh Ha Bui author Tho Quan author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 vo-etal-2026-causal https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.70/ 2026-10 1011 1025 Chronicle: Cut-Point Replay for Regression Testing of LLM Agents Tisha Chawla author Susheem Koul author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 chawla-koul-2026-chronicle https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.71/ 2026-10 1026 1031 Contract Before Code: Failure-Compiled Contracts for Long-Horizon Coding Agents Jiangnan YU author Kisson Songqi Lin author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 yu-lin-2026-contract https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.72/ 2026-10 1032 1041 DeepRewind: Predicting and Repairing Premature Commitments in Deep Research Agents Amirhossein Abaskohi author Amirhossein Dabiriaghdam author Lele Wang author Peter West author Giuseppe Carenini author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 abaskohi-etal-2026-deeprewind https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.73/ 2026-10 1042 1057 BirdsongChat: A Hybrid Multi-Agent Framework for Interactive Multimodal Embodied Behavior Simulation Callie C Liao author Duoduo Liao author Ellie L Zhang author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 liao-etal-2026-birdsongchat https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.74/ 2026-10 1058 1073 An Evaluation of Data Leakage Risks in Tool-Using LLM Agents in Realistic Scenarios Hankyul Baek author Jaewon Noh author Sang Seo author Yongsu Kim author Gabriel Waikin Loh Matienzo author Young Il Kim author Ee Wei Seah author Akriti Vij author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 baek-etal-2026-evaluation https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.75/ 2026-10 1074 1096 GLOBE: Evolving Structured Agentic Memory for E-commerce Product Optimization in Generative Search Hyunseo Kim author Suil Choe author Sukkyoung So author Daeyeon Yi author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 kim-etal-2026-globe https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.76/ 2026-10 1097 1117 COMPASS: Critique-guided Optimization of MetaPolicies for Agentic Systems with Reinforcement Learning Krishna Sayana author Ketan Kumar Todi author Ambarish Jash author Sukhdeep Sodhi author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 sayana-etal-2026-compass https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.77/ 2026-10 1118 1143 From Trajectories to Workflows: Online Procedural Memory Abstraction for Language Agents Swathi Shree Narashiman author Ishan Jindal author Mahesh Chandran author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 narashiman-etal-2026-trajectories https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.78/ 2026-10 1144 1159 Prior-History Sensitivity in Agentic Safety Evaluations Melat Ghebreselassie author Melissa Li author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 ghebreselassie-li-2026-prior https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.79/ 2026-10 1160 1170 CodeGrep: An RL-Trained Retrieval Agent for LLM Coding Agents Wuya Chen author Yihao Yang author Yang Cao author Yue Lin author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 chen-etal-2026-codegrep https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.80/ 2026-10 1171 1187 SkillCombiner: Optimizing Agent Skills via Edit Combination Search Seungbeom Park author Jaewon Chu author Hyunwoo J Kim author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 park-etal-2026-skillcombiner https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.81/ 2026-10 1188 1197 When Better Turns Do Not Make Better Agents: Diagnosing the Gap Between Next-Turn Metrics and Workflow Success Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar author Xue-Yong Fu author Gundeep Singh author Karol Chang author Kevin Sanders author Shi Zong author Tania Habib author Julien Bouvier Tremblay author Shayna Gardiner author Harsh Saini author Matthias Lee author Elena Khasanova author Quinten McNamara author Shashi Bhushan Tyamagondlu Nagabhushan author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 laskar-etal-2026-better https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.82/ 2026-10 1198 1204 Dynamics-Aware Navigation for Autonomous UI Agents on Directional-Input Devices Ishitwa Viranchi author Akshintala Nagesh Kashyap author Mrunal Shah author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 viranchi-etal-2026-dynamics https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.83/ 2026-10 1205 1212 Why Pay for Long Reasoning When Rewrite Do Trick? Causal Effects of Reasoning History Compaction on Future Generation and Agent Cost Anton Ivanov Hristov author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 hristov-2026-pay https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.84/ 2026-10 1213 1228 Diversity and Deliberation in Homogeneous LLM Prediction Polls Jonas Gebele author Tristan Till author Florian Matthes author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 gebele-etal-2026-diversity https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.85/ 2026-10 1229 1235 When Agreement Is Not Enough: Evidence-Risk Arbitration for Multi-Strategy Agentic QA Yang He author Jinlin Wang author Yulong Ji author Jianwei Zhang author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 he-etal-2026-agreement https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.86/ 2026-10 1236 1242 FlexSciEval: Structure-Grounded Multi-agent Evaluation for Flexible Electronics Research Ke Li author Xinyi Yang author Runzhe Zhan author Qianyong Hu author Derek F Wong author Qingsong Li author Zhiyuan Liu author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 li-etal-2026-flexscieval https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.87/ 2026-10 1243 1262 What People Almost Did: Evaluating LLM Social Simulations Beyond Behavioral Fit JaeWon Kim author Angie Boggust author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 kim-boggust-2026-people https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.88/ 2026-10 1263 1269 Lost in the Handoff: Contract-Aware Compliance Checking for Multi-Agent LLM Systems Yang He author Jinlin Wang author Yulong Ji author Jianwei Zhang author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 he-etal-2026-lost https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.89/ 2026-10 1270 1279 SFT or RL for Tool-Calling Agents? A Controlled Study Across Data, Method, and Scale Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar author Xue-Yong Fu author Shashi Bhushan Tyamagondlu Nagabhushan author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 laskar-etal-2026-sft https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.90/ 2026-10 1280 1286 D-Mem: A Dual-Process Memory System for LLM Agents Zhixing You author Jiachen Yuan author Jason Cai author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 you-etal-2026-mem https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.91/ 2026-10 1287 1304 VISTA: A Versatile Interactive User Simulation Toolkit for Agent Evaluation Yunan Lu author Ryan Shea author Yusen Zhang author Zhou Yu author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 lu-etal-2026-vista https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.92/ 2026-10 1305 1323 CoDA-NAS: Pattern Knowledge-Based Cross-Task Neural Architecture Search with LLM Agents Hao-Qun Huang author Kai-Chun Wu author Hsin-Yu Wang author Chun-Wei Tsai author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 huang-etal-2026-coda https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.93/ 2026-10 1324 1339 Disentangling Topology and Diversity in Multi-Agent LLMs for Multilingual Low-Resource Emotion Detection Ulugbek Shernazarov author Charitha Ruwansiri Weerakon Basnayake author Abdelkhaleq El Jarjini author Noel Crespi author Praboda Rajapaksha author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 shernazarov-etal-2026-disentangling https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.94/ 2026-10 1340 1362 Teaching Coding Assistants What to Change: Fine-Tuning from Pairwise Preferences Hongmo Tao author Hiroyuki Kamata author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 tao-kamata-2026-teaching https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.95/ 2026-10 1363 1374 Does The Way You Plan Matter? An Empirical Study of Planning Representations for LLM Web Agents Alejandra Zambrano author Sara Vera Marjanovic author Imene Kerboua author Xing Han Lù author Leila Kosseim author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 zambrano-etal-2026-way https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.96/ 2026-10 1375 1388 Prompting Strategies for Conceptual Ideation in Problem Solving Chris Bates author Ian Perera author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 bates-perera-2026-prompting https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.97/ 2026-10 1389 1403 Policy Loopholes in Agent Evaluation: When Policy Ambiguity Masquerades as Agent Error Hongliu Cao author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 cao-2026-policy https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.98/ 2026-10 1404 1419 ToolFuse: Documentation-Intent Fusion for Training-Free Tool Retrieval Shao-Cheng Lu author Shui-Hsiang Hsu author Chen-Jui Yu author Yao-Chung Fan author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 lu-etal-2026-toolfuse https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.99/ 2026-10 1420 1443 Trace2Ground: Scenario, Disambiguation, and Relation Traces for Web GUI Grounding Ruozhen He author Zhongnan Qu author Sheng Zhang author Mesut Erhan Unal author Zhuowen Tu author Srikar Appalaraju author Jianbo Yuan author Shabnam Ghadar author Haofu Liao author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 he-etal-2026-trace2ground https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.100/ 2026-10 1444 1470 Securing the Floor and Raising the Ceiling: A Merging-based Paradigm for Multi-modal Search Agents Zhixiang Wang author Jingxuan Xu author Dajun Chen author Yunfang Wu author Wei Jiang author Yong Li author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 wang-etal-2026-securing https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.101/ 2026-10 1471 1481 CoHyDE: Iterative Co-Training of LLM Rewriter & Dense Encoder for Tool Retrieval Vaishali Senthil author Ashutosh Hathidara author Sebastian Schreiber author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 senthil-etal-2026-cohyde https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.102/ 2026-10 1482 1500 MATEO: A Multimodal Benchmark for Planning with Temporal Execution Ordering Gabriel Roccabruna author Olha Khomyn author Giuseppe Riccardi author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 roccabruna-etal-2026-mateo https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.103/ 2026-10 1501 1533 Rethinking Agentic Search with Piika: Is Lexical Retrieval Sufficient? Tz-Huan Hsu author Jheng-Hong Yang author Yijun Ge author Jimmy Lin author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 hsu-etal-2026-rethinking https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.104/ 2026-10 1534 1550 CamPilot: A Multi-Agent Cinematic Assistant for Camera-Controlled Movie Generation Yang Wu author Stefano Petrangeli author Ishita Dasgupta author Yu Shen author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 wu-etal-2026-campilot https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.105/ 2026-10 1551 1564 Whose Repair? A Multi-Loop Diagnostic of Interactive Alignment in Human–LLM Conversation Wanqing Psyche He author Midam Kim author 2026-10 text Proceedings of the Second Workshop for REsearch on Agent Language Models (REALM 2026) Ehsan Kamalloo editor Nicolas Gontier editor Nikolai Rozanov editor Maryam Hashemzadeh editor Akhil Arora editor Association for Computational Linguistics Budapest, Hungary conference publication 979-8-89176-485-9 he-kim-2026-whose https://aclanthology.org/2026.realm-1.106/ 2026-10 1565 1574