Claim veracity assessment for explainable fake news detection

Bassamtiano Renaufalgi Irnawan, Sheng Xu, Noriko Tomuro, Fumiyo Fukumoto, Yoshimi Suzuki


Abstract
With the rapid growth of social network services, misinformation has spread uncontrollably. Most recent approaches to fake news detection use neural network models to predict whether the input text is fake or real. Some of them even provide explanations, in addition to veracity, generated by Large Language Models (LLMs). However, they do not utilize factual evidence, nor do they allude to it or provide evidence/justification, thereby making their predictions less credible. This paper proposes a new fake news detection method that predicts the truth or false-hood of a claim based on relevant factual evidence (if exists) or LLM’s inference mechanisms (such as common-sense reasoning) otherwise. Our method produces the final synthesized prediction, along with well-founded facts or reasoning. Experimental results on several large COVID-19 fake news datasets show that our method achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) detection and evidence explanation performance. Our source codes are available online.
Anthology ID:
2025.coling-main.270
Volume:
Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics
Month:
January
Year:
2025
Address:
Abu Dhabi, UAE
Editors:
Owen Rambow, Leo Wanner, Marianna Apidianaki, Hend Al-Khalifa, Barbara Di Eugenio, Steven Schockaert
Venue:
COLING
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
4011–4029
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2025.coling-main.270/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Bassamtiano Renaufalgi Irnawan, Sheng Xu, Noriko Tomuro, Fumiyo Fukumoto, and Yoshimi Suzuki. 2025. Claim veracity assessment for explainable fake news detection. In Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, pages 4011–4029, Abu Dhabi, UAE. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Claim veracity assessment for explainable fake news detection (Irnawan et al., COLING 2025)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2025.coling-main.270.pdf