Neural Lattice-to-Sequence Models for Uncertain Inputs

Matthias Sperber, Graham Neubig, Jan Niehues, Alex Waibel


Abstract
The input to a neural sequence-to-sequence model is often determined by an up-stream system, e.g. a word segmenter, part of speech tagger, or speech recognizer. These up-stream models are potentially error-prone. Representing inputs through word lattices allows making this uncertainty explicit by capturing alternative sequences and their posterior probabilities in a compact form. In this work, we extend the TreeLSTM (Tai et al., 2015) into a LatticeLSTM that is able to consume word lattices, and can be used as encoder in an attentional encoder-decoder model. We integrate lattice posterior scores into this architecture by extending the TreeLSTM’s child-sum and forget gates and introducing a bias term into the attention mechanism. We experiment with speech translation lattices and report consistent improvements over baselines that translate either the 1-best hypothesis or the lattice without posterior scores.
Anthology ID:
D17-1145
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
September
Year:
2017
Address:
Copenhagen, Denmark
Editors:
Martha Palmer, Rebecca Hwa, Sebastian Riedel
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
SIGDAT
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
1380–1389
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/D17-1145
DOI:
10.18653/v1/D17-1145
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Matthias Sperber, Graham Neubig, Jan Niehues, and Alex Waibel. 2017. Neural Lattice-to-Sequence Models for Uncertain Inputs. In Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 1380–1389, Copenhagen, Denmark. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Neural Lattice-to-Sequence Models for Uncertain Inputs (Sperber et al., EMNLP 2017)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/D17-1145.pdf
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