@inproceedings{chang-etal-2024-target,
title = "Target-Aware Language Modeling via Granular Data Sampling",
author = "Chang, Ernie and
Lin, Pin-Jie and
Li, Yang and
Zhao, Changsheng and
Kim, Daeil and
Rabatin, Rastislav and
Liu, Zechun and
Shi, Yangyang and
Chandra, Vikas",
editor = "Al-Onaizan, Yaser and
Bansal, Mohit and
Chen, Yun-Nung",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
month = nov,
year = "2024",
address = "Miami, Florida, USA",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.719",
pages = "12927--12935",
abstract = "Language model pretraining generally targets a broad range of use cases and incorporates data from diverse sources. However, there are instances where we desire a model that excels in specific areas without markedly compromising performance in other areas. A cost-effective and straightforward approach is sampling with low-dimensional data features, which allows selecting large-scale pretraining data for domain-specific use cases. In this work, we revisit importance sampling with n-gram features consisting of multi-granular tokens, which strikes a good balance between sentence compression and representation capabilities. We observed the sampled data to have a high correlation with the target downstream task performance *while preserving its effectiveness on other tasks*. This leads to the proposed data sampling paradigm where language models can be pretrained more efficiently on selected documents. On eight benchmarks we demonstrate with {\textasciitilde}1{\%} of the data, pretrained models perform on par with the full RefinedWeb data and outperform randomly selected samples for model sizes ranging from 125M to 1.5B.",
}
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<abstract>Language model pretraining generally targets a broad range of use cases and incorporates data from diverse sources. However, there are instances where we desire a model that excels in specific areas without markedly compromising performance in other areas. A cost-effective and straightforward approach is sampling with low-dimensional data features, which allows selecting large-scale pretraining data for domain-specific use cases. In this work, we revisit importance sampling with n-gram features consisting of multi-granular tokens, which strikes a good balance between sentence compression and representation capabilities. We observed the sampled data to have a high correlation with the target downstream task performance *while preserving its effectiveness on other tasks*. This leads to the proposed data sampling paradigm where language models can be pretrained more efficiently on selected documents. On eight benchmarks we demonstrate with ~1% of the data, pretrained models perform on par with the full RefinedWeb data and outperform randomly selected samples for model sizes ranging from 125M to 1.5B.</abstract>
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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Target-Aware Language Modeling via Granular Data Sampling
%A Chang, Ernie
%A Lin, Pin-Jie
%A Li, Yang
%A Zhao, Changsheng
%A Kim, Daeil
%A Rabatin, Rastislav
%A Liu, Zechun
%A Shi, Yangyang
%A Chandra, Vikas
%Y Al-Onaizan, Yaser
%Y Bansal, Mohit
%Y Chen, Yun-Nung
%S Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
%D 2024
%8 November
%I Association for Computational Linguistics
%C Miami, Florida, USA
%F chang-etal-2024-target
%X Language model pretraining generally targets a broad range of use cases and incorporates data from diverse sources. However, there are instances where we desire a model that excels in specific areas without markedly compromising performance in other areas. A cost-effective and straightforward approach is sampling with low-dimensional data features, which allows selecting large-scale pretraining data for domain-specific use cases. In this work, we revisit importance sampling with n-gram features consisting of multi-granular tokens, which strikes a good balance between sentence compression and representation capabilities. We observed the sampled data to have a high correlation with the target downstream task performance *while preserving its effectiveness on other tasks*. This leads to the proposed data sampling paradigm where language models can be pretrained more efficiently on selected documents. On eight benchmarks we demonstrate with ~1% of the data, pretrained models perform on par with the full RefinedWeb data and outperform randomly selected samples for model sizes ranging from 125M to 1.5B.
%U https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.719
%P 12927-12935
Markdown (Informal)
[Target-Aware Language Modeling via Granular Data Sampling](https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.719) (Chang et al., EMNLP 2024)
ACL
- Ernie Chang, Pin-Jie Lin, Yang Li, Changsheng Zhao, Daeil Kim, Rastislav Rabatin, Zechun Liu, Yangyang Shi, and Vikas Chandra. 2024. Target-Aware Language Modeling via Granular Data Sampling. In Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 12927–12935, Miami, Florida, USA. Association for Computational Linguistics.