Is It Really Long Context if All You Need Is Retrieval? Towards Genuinely Difficult Long Context NLP

Omer Goldman, Alon Jacovi, Aviv Slobodkin, Aviya Maimon, Ido Dagan, Reut Tsarfaty


Abstract
Improvements in language models’ capabilities have pushed their applications towards longer contexts, making long-context evaluation and development an active research area. However, many disparate use-cases are grouped together under the umbrella term of “long-context”, defined simply by the total length of the model’s input, including - for example - Needle-in-a-Haystack tasks, book summarization, and information aggregation. Given their varied difficulty, in this position paper we argue that conflating different tasks by their context length is unproductive. As a community, we require a more precise vocabulary to understand what makes long-context tasks similar or different. We propose to unpack the taxonomy of long-context based on the properties that make them more difficult with longer contexts. We propose two orthogonal axes of difficulty: (I) Diffusion: How hard is it to find the necessary information in the context? (II) Scope: How much necessary information is there to find? We survey the literature on long-context, provide justification for this taxonomy as an informative descriptor, and situate the literature with respect to it. We conclude that the most difficult and interesting settings, whose necessary information is very long and highly diffused within the input, is severely under-explored. By using a descriptive vocabulary and discussing the relevant properties of difficulty in long-context, we can implement more informed research in this area. We call for a careful design of tasks and benchmarks with distinctly long context, taking into account the characteristics that make it qualitatively different from shorter context.
Anthology ID:
2024.emnlp-main.924
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
November
Year:
2024
Address:
Miami, Florida, USA
Editors:
Yaser Al-Onaizan, Mohit Bansal, Yun-Nung Chen
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
16576–16586
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.924
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Omer Goldman, Alon Jacovi, Aviv Slobodkin, Aviya Maimon, Ido Dagan, and Reut Tsarfaty. 2024. Is It Really Long Context if All You Need Is Retrieval? Towards Genuinely Difficult Long Context NLP. In Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 16576–16586, Miami, Florida, USA. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Is It Really Long Context if All You Need Is Retrieval? Towards Genuinely Difficult Long Context NLP (Goldman et al., EMNLP 2024)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.924.pdf