OpenGraph: Towards Open Graph Foundation Models

Lianghao Xia, Ben Kao, Chao Huang


Abstract
Graph learning has become essential in various domains, including recommendation systems and social network analysis. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as promising techniques for encoding structural information and improving performance in tasks like link prediction and node classification. However, a key challenge remains: the difficulty of generalizing to unseen graph data with different properties. In this work, we propose a novel graph foundation model, called OpenGraph, to address this challenge. Our approach tackles several technical obstacles. Firstly, we enhance data augmentation using a large language model (LLM) to overcome data scarcity in real-world scenarios. Secondly, we introduce a unified graph tokenizer that enables the model to generalize effectively to diverse graph data, even when encountering unseen properties during training. Thirdly, our developed scalable graph transformer captures node-wise dependencies within the global topological context. Extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of our framework. By adapting OpenGraph to new graph characteristics and comprehending diverse graphs, our approach achieves remarkable zero-shot graph learning performance across various settings. We release the model implementation at https://github.com/HKUDS/OpenGraph.
Anthology ID:
2024.findings-emnlp.132
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024
Month:
November
Year:
2024
Address:
Miami, Florida, USA
Editors:
Yaser Al-Onaizan, Mohit Bansal, Yun-Nung Chen
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
2365–2379
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-emnlp.132
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Lianghao Xia, Ben Kao, and Chao Huang. 2024. OpenGraph: Towards Open Graph Foundation Models. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024, pages 2365–2379, Miami, Florida, USA. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
OpenGraph: Towards Open Graph Foundation Models (Xia et al., Findings 2024)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-emnlp.132.pdf