A Fairness-Driven Method for Learning Human-Compatible Negotiation Strategies

Ryan Shea, Zhou Yu


Abstract
Despite recent advancements in AI and NLP, negotiation remains a difficult domain for AI agents. Traditional game theoretic approaches that have worked well for two-player zero-sum games struggle in the context of negotiation due to their inability to learn human-compatible strategies. On the other hand, approaches that only use human data tend to be domain-specific and lack the theoretical guarantees provided by strategies grounded in game theory. Motivated by the notion of fairness as a criterion for optimality in general sum games, we propose a negotiation framework called FDHC which incorporates fairness into both the reward design and search to learn human-compatible negotiation strategies. Our method includes a novel, RL+search technique called LGM-Zero which leverages a pre-trained language model to retrieve human-compatible offers from large action spaces. Our results show that our method is able to achieve more egalitarian negotiation outcomes and improve negotiation quality.
Anthology ID:
2024.findings-emnlp.308
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024
Month:
November
Year:
2024
Address:
Miami, Florida, USA
Editors:
Yaser Al-Onaizan, Mohit Bansal, Yun-Nung Chen
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
5346–5370
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-emnlp.308
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Ryan Shea and Zhou Yu. 2024. A Fairness-Driven Method for Learning Human-Compatible Negotiation Strategies. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024, pages 5346–5370, Miami, Florida, USA. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
A Fairness-Driven Method for Learning Human-Compatible Negotiation Strategies (Shea & Yu, Findings 2024)
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https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-emnlp.308.pdf
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