Sentiment analysis (SA) plays a vital role in interpreting human opinions across different languages, especially in contexts like social media, product reviews, and other user-generated content. This study focuses on Luxembourgish, a low-resource language critical to Luxembourg’s identity, utilizing advanced deep learning models such as BERT, RoBERTa, LuxemBERTand LuxGPT-2. These models were enhanced with transfer learning, active learning strategies, and context-aware embeddings, enabling effective Luxembourgish processing. These models further improved with context-aware embeddings and were able to accurately detect sentiments, categorizing news comments into positive, negative, and neutral sentiments. Our approach highlights the significant role of human-in-the-loop (HITL) methodologies, which refine model accuracy by aligning automated analyses with human judgment. The findings indicate that LuxembBERT, especially when enhanced with the HITL method involving feedback from 500 and 1000 annotated sentences, outperforms other models in both binary (positive vs. negative) and multi-class (positive, neutral, and negative) classification tasks. The HITL approach not only refined model accuracy but also provided substantial improvements in understanding and processing sentiments and sarcasm, often challenging for automated systems. This study establishes the basis for future research to extend these methodologies to other underresourced languages, promising improvements in Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications across diverse linguistic landscapes.

Speech deficits are common symptoms amongParkinson’s Disease (PD) patients. The automatic assessment of speech signals is promising for the evaluation of the neurological state and the speech quality of the patients. Recently, progress has been made in applying machine learning and computational methods to automatically evaluate the speech of PD patients. In the present study, we plan to analyze the speech signals of PD patients and healthy control (HC) subjects in three different languages: German, Spanish, and Czech, with the aim to identify biomarkers to discriminate between PD patients and HC subjects and to evaluate the neurological state of the patients. Therefore, the main contribution of this study is the automatic classification of PD patients and HC subjects in different languages with focusing on phonation, articulation, and prosody. We will focus on an intelligibility analysis based on automatic speech recognition systems trained on these three languages. This is one of the first studies done that considers the evaluation of the speech of PD patients in different languages. The purpose of this research proposal is to build a model that can discriminate PD and HC subjects even when the language used for train and test is different.