Machine Translation Archive

Index of Languages

Languages E: publications before 1970

[For languages A to D click here; for languages F to L click here; for languages M to Z click here]

[for publications 1970-1989 click here; for publications 1990-1999 click here; for publications 2000-2004 click here; for publications 2005-2009 click here; for publications since 2010 click here]

English

(1969) Pier Paolo Pisani: Organization and programming of the multistore parser. Coling 1969: International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 1-4 September 1969, Sångy-Säby, Sweden; Preprint no. 25; 24pp. [PDF, 610KB]

(1969) Yorick Wilks: Interactive semantic analysis of English paragraphs. Coling 1969: International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 1-4 September 1969, Sångy-Säby, Sweden; Preprint no. 8; 33pp. [PDF, 1187KB]

(1968) P.W.Culicover: Paraphrase generation and information retrieval from stored text. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 11, nos.3 and 4, September and December 1968; pp. 78-88 [PDF, 225KB]

(1968) Julie Beth Lovins: Development of a stemming algorithm. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 11, nos.1 and 2, March and June 1968; pp. 22-31 [PDF, 297KB]

(1968) Robert F. Simmons & John F. Burger: A semantic analyzer for English sentences. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 11, nos.1 and 2, March and June 1968; pp. 1-13 [PDF, 287KB]

(1968) D. Kathryn Weintraub: The English relative clause. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 11, nos.3 and 4, September and December 1968; pp. 89-102 [PDF, 253KB]

(1968) Yorick Wilks: On-line semantic analysis of English texts. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 11, nos.3 and 4, September and December 1968; pp. 59-72 [PDF, 243KB]

(1967) Lois L.Earl: Automatic determination of parts of speech of English words.  Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 10, nos.3 and 4, September and December 1967; pp.53-67 [PDF, 583KB]

(1967) L.L.Earl, B.V.Bhimani, & R.P.Mitchell: Statistics of operationally defined homonyms of elementary words. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 10, nos.1 and 2, March and June 1967; pp.11-17 [PDF, 280KB]

(1966) Jocelyn Brewer: English article insertion. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 9, nos.3 and 4, September and December 1966; pp.83-96 [PDF, 263KB]

(1966) Lois L. Earl: Part-of-speech implications of affixes. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 9, no.2, June 1966; pp.38-43 [PDF, 208KB]

(1966) Lois L. Earl: Structural definition of affixes from multisyllable words. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 9, no.2, June 1966; pp.34-37 [PDF, 171KB]

(1966) H.L.Resnikoff & J.L.Dolby: The nature of affixing in written English, part II. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 9, no.2, June 1966; pp.23-33 [PDF, 387KB]

(1965) Sheldon Klein: Automatic paraphrasing in essay format. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 8, nos.3 and 4, June and October 1965; pp.68-83 [PDF, 301KB]

(1965) E.D.Pendergraft & N.Dale: Automatic linguistic classification. Coling 1965: International Conference on Computational Linguistics, New York, USA, May 1965; 37pp. [PDF, 1292KB]

(1965) H.L.Resnikoff & J.L.Dolby: The nature of affixing in written English. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 8, nos.3 and 4, June and October 1965; pp.84-89 [PDF, 173KB]

(1965) Toshiyuki Sakai & Makoto Nagao: Sentence generation by semantic concordance. Coling 1965: International Conference on Computational Linguistics, New York, USA, May 1965; 21pp. [PDF, 1020KB]

(1965) K. Sparck Jones: Experiments in semantic classification. Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 8, nos.3 and 4, June and October 1965; pp.97-112 [PDF, 263KB]

(1963) H.P. Edmundson: The behavior of English articles. In: Abstracts of papers for the 1963 annual meeting of the Association for Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics, Denver, Colorado, August 25 and 26, 1963.  Mechanical Translation, vol. 7, no.2, August 1963; p.35

(1964) James H. White: The methodology of sememic analysis with special application to the English preposition. Mechanical Translation, vol. 8, no.1, August 1964; pp.15-31 [PDF, 255KB]

(1963) Sheldon Klein & Robert F. Simmons: Syntactic dependence and the computer generation of coherent discourse.  Mechanical Translation, vol. 7, no.2, August 1963; pp.50-61 [PDF, 248KB]

 (1962) Ernst von Glasersfeld: First draft of an English input procedure for mechanical translation. Methodos 14 (54), 1962; pp.47-79. [PDF, 206KB]

(1962) E.S.Klima: Correspondence at the grammatical level.  Quarterly Progress Report of the Research Laboratory of Electronics, M.I.T., January, 1962; pp.212-229. [PDF, 105KB]

(1961) J. Barton: The application of the article in English. 1961 International Conference on Machine Translation of Languages and Applied Language Analysis: proceedings of the conference held at the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, on 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th September; pp.112-118. [PDF, 49KB] [discussion]

(1961) Elinor K.Charney: On the semantical interpretation of linguistic entities that function structurally. 1961 International Conference on Machine Translation of Languages and Applied Language Analysis: proceedings of the conference held at the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, on 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th September; pp.544-556. [PDF, 76KB] [discussion]

(1961) Seymour Chatman: The classification of English verbs by object types. 1961 International Conference on Machine Translation of Languages and Applied Language Analysis: proceedings of the conference held at the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, on 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th September; pp.84-94. [PDF, 41KB] [discussion]

(1961) M.Corbé & R.Tabory: Introduction to an automatic English syntax (by fragmentation). 1961 International Conference on Machine Translation of Languages and Applied Language Analysis: proceedings of the conference held at the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, on 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th September; pp.616-652. [PDF, 138KB] [discussion]

(1961) E.von Glasersfeld, Sergei Perschke, & Elsa Samet: Human translation and translation by machine II. 1961 International Conference on Machine Translation of Languages and Applied Language Analysis: proceedings of the conference held at the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, on 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th September; pp.508-528. [PDF, 106KB] [discussion]

(1961) Gerard Salton & R.W.Thorpe: An approach to the segmentation problem in speech analysis and language translation. 1961 International Conference on Machine Translation of Languages and Applied Language Analysis: proceedings of the conference held at the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, on 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th September; pp.704-724. [PDF, 130KB]

(1961) Victor H. Yngve: Random generation of English sentences. 1961 International Conference on Machine Translation of Languages and Applied Language Analysis: proceedings of the conference held at the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, on 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th September; pp.66-80. [PDF, 146KB] [discussion]

(1960) William D.Foust: Automatic English inflection. Proceedings of the National Symposium on Machine Translation, held at the University of Ca lifornia, Los Angeles, February 2-5, 1960; ed. H.P.Edmundson. (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1961); pp.229-233. [PDF, 56KB]

 (1960) Hugh Kelly: MIMIC: a translator for English coding. Proceedings of the National Symposium on Machine Translation, held at the University of California, Los Angeles, February 2-5, 1960; ed. H.P.Edmundson. (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1961); pp.451-461. [PDF, 91KB]

(1959) Lila R.Gleitman: The isolation of elements for a grammatical description of language.  In: Allen Kent (ed.) Information retrieval and machine translation. Based on the International Conference for Standards on a Common Language for Machine Searching and Translation, Cleveland, Ohio, September 6-12, 1959 (New York/London: Interscience Publishers, 1961); part 2, pp.823-830. [PDF, 100KB]

 (1959) Victor H.Yngve: In defense of English. In: Allen Kent (ed.) Information retrieval and machine translation. Based on the International Conference for Standards on a Common Language for Machine Searching and Translation, Cleveland, Ohio, September 6-12, 1959 (New York/London: Interscience Publishers, 1961); part 2, pp.935-940. [PDF, 36KB]

(1958) Victor H.Yngve: The feasibility of machine searching of English texts. Proceedings of the International Conference on Scientific Information, Washington, D.C., November 16-21, 1958 (Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences—National Research Council, 1959); pp.975-995. [PDF, 115KB]

 (1956) M.A.K.Halliday: Linguistic basis of the thesaurus-type mechanical dictionary and its application to English preposition classification. In: Report on research: Cambridge Language Research Unit. Mechanical Translation 3 (2),  November 1956; pp.36-37.

(1955) Stuart C.Dodd: Model English. [Corrected reprint.] In: William N.Locke & A.Donald Booth (eds.): Machine translation of languages, fourteen essays. The Technology Press of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; New York: John Wiley, 1955; pp. 165-173.

 (1952) Stuart C. Dodd: Model English for mechanical translation: an example of a national language regularized for electronic translators. For the Conference on Mechanical Translation at the Massacgusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, June 18-20, 1952; 6pp. [PDF, 84KB]

English to Czech

 (1966) D.Konečná, P.Novák, & P.Sgall: Machine translation in Prague. Prague Studies in Mathematical Linguistics 1, 1966; pp.185-193. [PDF, 229KB]

English to French

(1967) Kathleen H.V.Booth: Machine aided translation with a post-editor. In: A.D.Booth (ed.) Machine translation. (Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1967); pp.51-76.

(1967) Margaret Masterman: Man-aided computer translation from English into French using an on-line system to manipulate a bi-lingual conceptual dictionary, or thesaurus. Coling 1967: Conference Internationale sur la Traitement Automatique des Langues, Grenoble, France, August 1967; 22pp. [PDF, 887KB]

(1961) D.A.Dinneen: French grammar. In: Quarterly Progress Report of the Research Laboratory of Electronics, M.I.T., July, 1961; pp.208-209.

(1955) Balth van der Pol: An iterative translation test [summary]. In: Information theory: papers read at a symposium on ‘Information theory’ held at the Royal Institution, London, September 12th to 16th, 1955; edited by Colin Cherry, London: Butterworths Scientific Publications, 1956; pp.397-398. [PDF, 23KB]

English to German

(1969) István Bátori: Disambiguating verbs with multiple meaning in the MT-system of IBM Germany. Coling 1969: International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 1-4 September 1969, Sångy-Säby, Sweden; Preprint no. 31; 17pp. [PDF, 467KB]

(1969) G.Salton: Automatic processing of foreign language documents. Coling 1969: International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 1-4 September 1969, Sångy-Säby, Sweden; Preprint no. 4; 29pp. [PDF, 755KB]

(1967) Klaus Günther Schweisthal: Semantically governed machine translation of BE-clauses with adverbs and prepositional phrases. Demonstration of a ring-model for German/English, English/German including analysis-synthesis, transformation, transition, and generation.  Coling 1967: Conference Internationale sur la Traitement Automatique des Langues, Grenoble, France, August 1967; 11 pp. [PDF, 412KB]

(1962) John S. Bross: Problems of equivalence in some German and English constructions.  Mechanical Translation, vol. 7, no.1, July 1962; pp.8-16 [PDF, 189KB]

 (1961) J.J.Viertel: English and German grammars. In: Quarterly Progress Report of the Research Laboratory of Electronics, M.I.T., July, 1961; p.209.

English to Hindi

(1969) L.M.Khubchandani & W.W.Glover: An application of computer techniques to analysis of the verb phrase in Hindi and English. Coling 1969: International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 1-4 September 1969, Sångy-Säby, Sweden; Preprint no. 62: Collection of abstracts of papers; p.19. [PDF, 72KB]

English to Italian

 (1956) R.H.Richens: The thirteen steps. (ML 15). Cambridge: CLRU, 1956; 12pp. [PDF, 85KB]

English to Japanese

(1961) Itiroo Sakai: Syntax in universal translation. 1961 International Conference on Machine Translation of Languages and Applied Language Analysis: proceedings of the conference held at the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, on 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th September; pp.594-608. [PDF, 55KB] [discussion]

(1959) S.Takahashi, H.Wada, R.Tadenuma, & S.Watanabe: English-Japanese machine translation. Information processing: International Conference on Information Processing, Unesco, Paris, 15-20 June 1959 (Paris: Uniesco, 1960); pp.194-199. [PDF, 125KB]

(1958) Ichiro Honda: [Report on ETL research], Mechanical Translation 5 (2), November 1958; pp. 49-50 [PDF, 69KB]

English to Polish

(1963) Irene Bellert: Necessity of introducing some information provided by transformational analysis into MT algorithms. In: Abstracts of papers for the 1963 annual meeting of the Association for Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics, Denver, Colorado, August 25 and 26, 1963.  Mechanical Translation, vol. 7, no.2, August 1963; p.33

English to Russian

(1967) O.S.Kulagina & I.A.Mel’čuk: Automatic translation: some theoretical aspects and the design of a translation system. In: A.D.Booth (ed.) Machine translation. (Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1967); pp.137-171.

 (1963) L.N.Bykova, V.M.Zherebin, & G.A.Tarasova: On some problems of mechanical translation; ed. I.S.Mukhin. (Moscow: Institute of Exact Mechanics and Computing Technique, Academy of Sciences USSR, 1963); 26pp. [PDF, 160KB]

(1962) John A.Kouwenhoven: The trouble with translation. Harper’s Magazine August 1962; pp.38-44. [PDF, 59KB]

(1960) D.Yu.Panov : Automatic translation. Translated from the Russian by R.Kisch, edited by A.J.Mitchell. New York, London, Oxford, Paris: Pergamon Press, 1960. iii, 73pp. [PDF, 665KB]

 (1960) D.Y.Panov: Machine translation and the human being. Impact of Science on Society 10 (1960); pp.16-25. [PDF, 125KB]

 (1959) I.K.Bel’skaya: Fundamental characteristics of the dictionary and grammatical schemes used in machine translation from English into Russian. [Translated from Sbornik statei po mashinnomu perevodu (Moskva, 1958, pp.47-80)]; 15pp. [PDF, 708KB]

(1959) I.K.Belskaya: Machine translation methods and their application to an Anglo-Russian scheme. Information  processing: International Conference on Information Processing, Unesco, Paris, 15-20 June 1959 (Paris: Unesco, 1960); pp.199-217. [PDF, 404KB]

(1959) O.S.Kulagina, A.I.Martynova, & T.M.Nikolayeva: Mechanical translation at the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.  In: Allen Kent (ed.) Information retrieval and machine translation. Based on the International Conference for Standards on a Common Language for Machine Searching and Translation, Cleveland, Ohio, September 6-12, 1959 (New York/London: Interscience Publishers, 1961); part 2, pp.867-879. [PDF, 73KB]

(1959) O.S.Kulagina: Work done by the USSR Academy of Sciences in the field of machine translation. Symposium on machine translation, Information processing: International Conference on Information Processing, Unesco, Paris, 15-20 June 1959 (Paris: Uniesco, 1960); pp.219-220. [PDF]

(1957) I.K.Belskaja: Machine translation of languages. Research vol.10, part 10, October 1957; pp.383-389. [PDF, 193KB]

(1956) I.S.Mukhin: An experiment on the machine translation of languages carried out on the BESM. Session on the computer in a non-arithmetic role, at the Convention on Digital-Computer Techniques, 12th April 1956. Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical Engineers, vol.103, part B: Supplement no.3 (1956); pp.463-472. [PDF, 176KB]

 (1956) I.S.Mukhin: An experiment of the machine translation of languages carried out on the B E S M. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1956; 28pp. [PDF, 242KB]

(1956) D.Panov: Concerning the problem of machine translation of languages. [Moscow]: The Academy of Sciences, U.S.S.R.; 35pp. [PDF, 450KB]

 (1956) D.Panov, I.Mukhin, & I.Bel’skaya: A machine translates from one language to another. Pravda, January 22, 1956; translated from the Russian by Dr.Lew R.Micklesen. The Trend in Engineering at the University of Washington, July 1956; pp.28-29. [PDF, 115KB]

(1956) D. Panov: On the problem of mechanical translation. Mechanical Translation 3 (2), November 1956; p. 42-43 [PDF, 98KB]

English to Turkish

(1963) Leon E.Dostert & R.R.Macdonald: Georgetown University Machine Translation research project. General report 1952-1963. Occasional Papers on Machine Translation no.30, June 1963, prepared by R.R.Macdonald; xxi, 236pp. [PDF, 1087KB]